Epistemic Tools Used in the Science of Tafsīr

Havva Özata

Makale detayları

Epistemic Tools Used in the Science of Tafsīr

Yazarlar:

Havva Özata

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi Issue 64, pp.164-179

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350802

pISSN:

2458-7508

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The present study focuses on the epistemic tools that lead to the knowledge of tafsīr, or, in other wor ds, ta wīl. These tools do not refer to a method or approach in the broad sense, but to more specific and practical procedures. In this study, it is aimed to identify what the tools used in accessing information in tafsir are and how they function through existing tafsīr sources. For this purpose, it is intended to disclose the descriptions and analyses that a commentator makes while explaining the verses, the system he follows in the logic and interpretation, and the methods he employs and applies to support his opinions or disprove opposing ones. Regardless of approach and period, a large number of tafsīrs have been analysed using the document analysis method in order to achieve these goals. The epistemic tools utilised in understanding and interpreting the Qurān develop depending on the characteristics of the Qurānic text. However, it can be said that the intellectual and intellectual background of the commentators is also very effective in the development of these epistemic tools. Therefore, usūl books on the methods and techniques of the sciences of fiqh jurisprudence and kalām theology, which were active in Islamic thought and whose influence on tafsīr was also observed, as well as some sources in the field of logic and philosophy that establish the fundamentals of reasoning were among the documents examined. Consequently, it has been determined that in the science of tafsīr, during the understanding and interpretation of the verses, a mufessir uses a three-stage procedure that follows one another while comprehending and interpreting verses: Description and analysis, inference and interpretation, and dialectic jadal. In each of these stages, it was observed that many different epistemic tools were used, depending on the phrasing and stylistic features of the verse being studied.

 The present study focuses on the epistemic tools that lead to the knowledge of tafsīr, or, in other wor ds, ta wīl. These tools do not refer to a method or approach in the broad sense, but to more specific and practical procedures. In this study, it is aimed to identify what the tools used in accessing information in tafsir are and how they function through existing tafsīr sources. For this purpose, it is intended to disclose the descriptions and analyses that a commentator makes while explaining the verses, the system he follows in the logic and interpretation, and the methods he employs and applies to support his opinions or disprove opposing ones. Regardless of approach and period, a large number of tafsīrs have been analysed using the document analysis method in order to achieve these goals. The epistemic tools utilised in understanding and interpreting the Qurān develop depending on the characteristics of the Qurānic text. However, it can be said that the intellectual and intellectual background of the commentators is also very effective in the development of these epistemic tools. Therefore, usūl books on the methods and techniques of the sciences of fiqh jurisprudence and kalām theology, which were active in Islamic thought and whose influence on tafsīr was also observed, as well as some sources in the field of logic and philosophy that establish the fundamentals of reasoning were among the documents examined. Consequently, it has been determined that in the science of tafsīr, during the understanding and interpretation of the verses, a mufessir uses a three-stage procedure that follows one another while comprehending and interpreting verses: Description and analysis, inference and interpretation, and dialectic jadal. In each of these stages, it was observed that many different epistemic tools were used, depending on the phrasing and stylistic features of the verse being studied.

 The present study focuses on the epistemic tools that lead to the knowledge of tafsīr, or, in other wor ds, ta wīl. These tools do not refer to a method or approach in the broad sense, but to more specific and practical procedures. In this study, it is aimed to identify what the tools used in accessing information in tafsir are and how they function through existing tafsīr sources. For this purpose, it is intended to disclose the descriptions and analyses that a commentator makes while explaining the verses, the system he follows in the logic and interpretation, and the methods he employs and applies to support his opinions or disprove opposing ones. Regardless of approach and period, a large number of tafsīrs have been analysed using the document analysis method in order to achieve these goals. The epistemic tools utilised in understanding and interpreting the Qurān develop depending on the characteristics of the Qurānic text. However, it can be said that the intellectual and intellectual background of the commentators is also very effective in the development of these epistemic tools. Therefore, usūl books on the methods and techniques of the sciences of fiqh jurisprudence and kalām theology, which were active in Islamic thought and whose influence on tafsīr was also observed, as well as some sources in the field of logic and philosophy that establish the fundamentals of reasoning were among the documents examined. Consequently, it has been determined that in the science of tafsīr, during the understanding and interpretation of the verses, a mufessir uses a three-stage procedure that follows one another while comprehending and interpreting verses: Description and analysis, inference and interpretation, and dialectic jadal. In each of these stages, it was observed that many different epistemic tools were used, depending on the phrasing and stylistic features of the verse being studied.

 Bu çalışmada, tefsirde yorum ya da başka bir deyişle tevil bilgisine ulaştıran epistemik araçlar üze rinde durulmaktadır. Bu araçlar, geniş anlamıyla bir metot, yöntem veya yaklaşım değil daha spesifik ve pratiğe yönelik işlemleri ifade etmektedir. Çalışmada tefsirde bilgiye ulaşmada kullanılan araçların neler olduğu ve nasıl işlediğinin mevcut tefsir kaynakları üzerinden tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, bir müfessirin âyetleri açıklarken yaptığı tasvir ve analizler, akıl yürütme ve yorumlamalarda takip ettiği sistem, görüşlerini delillendirme ya da aksi görüşleri çürütme nokta sında kullandığı ve uyguladığı pratiklerin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmektedir. Söz konusu hedeflerin gerçekleşmesine yönelik olarak, yaklaşım ve dönem ayrımı yapmaksızın birçok tefsir, doküman analizi yöntemi ile tetkik edilmiştir. Kurân metninin anlaşılıp yorumlanmasında kullanılan epistemik araç lar, Kurân metninin özelliklerine bağlı olarak gelişmiştir. Ayrıca bu epistemik araçların gelişmesinde müfessirlerin entelektüel ve düşünsel arka planının da oldukça aktif rol aldığı söylenebilir. Bu nedenle İslam düşüncesinde etkin olan ve tefsir üzerinde de etkileri gözlemlenen fıkıh ve kelam ilimlerinin yöntem ve tekniklerini konu alan usûl kitapları ayrıca akıl yürütmenin ana esaslarını tayin eden man tık ilmi ve felsefe alanındaki bazı kaynaklar da incelenen dokümanlar arasında yer almıştır. Neticede tefsir ilminde, âyetlerin anlaşılıp yorumlanması sırasında, bir müfessirin, çoğunlukla birbirini izleyen farklı üç aşamadan müteşekkil bir süreci takip ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır: Tasvir ve tahlil, çıkarım ve yorumlama, diyalektikcedel. Bu aşamaların her birinde de üzerinde çalışılan âyetin lafız ve üslup özelliklerine bağlı olarak değişebilen farklı birçok epistemik aracın kullanıldığı görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

Epistemic Tools Used in the Science of Tafsīr

Yazarlar:

Havva Özata

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi Issue 64, pp.164-179

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350802

pISSN:

2458-7508

Tafsīr

Qur’ān

Verse

Commentary

Method

Epistemic ToolsTefsir

Kur’ân

Âyet

Yorum

Yöntem

Epistemik Araçlar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Havva Özata

Yayıncı: Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar: Tefsir

Dergi: İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi Issue 64, pp.164-179

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350802

pISSN: 2458-7508

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Havva Özata

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi Issue 64, pp.164-179

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350802

pISSN:

2458-7508