Macro-Capsule Fabrication via 3D Printing for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Encapsulation

Mehmet Ali Karaca; Derya Dilek Kançağı; Uğur Özbek; Ercüment Ovalı; Ozgul Gok

Makale detayları

Macro-Capsule Fabrication via 3D Printing for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Encapsulation

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Ali Karaca | Derya Dilek Kançağı | Uğur Özbek | Ercüment Ovalı | Ozgul Gok

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Mühendislik

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.35 Issue 2, pp.157-163

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292919

pISSN:

2636-8277

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Purpose: Cell transplantation is a widely used method to induce cell-mediated immune reactions inside the body. However, possible immune responses to the transplanted cells decrease the efficiency of applied cell therapy. This issue can be addressed by the transplantation of cells via 3D-printed polymeric capsules which encapsulate cells and protect them from immune system attacks. Cell-loaded capsules macro or micro have emerged as potential carriers for more efficacious cellular therapies. In this study, 3D-printed porous capsules were prepared from biodegradable and biocompatible polyester polycaprolactone PCL and this macro-capsule was evaluated as a carrier for its cell encapsulation effectiveness. Method: The macro-capsule was designed to have dimensions of 2x5x10 mm and drawn in Autodesk Fusion 360 program. PCL was utilized for its 3D bio-printing via Axolotl Bioprinter Dual Print Head System. Leakage on the closed form of the macro-capsule was visually controlled by surface electron microscopy SEM. Permeability of the macro-capsule was tested with trypan blue dye and human serum albumin HSA protein. Sterilization of the obtained macro-capsule was achieved via UV light and the cytotoxicity of the polycaprolactone capsule was tested for 24 and 72 hour incubation time periods. Results: The semi-permeable macro-capsule was successfully obtained as closed and hollow form. Its porous structure was demonstrated using trypan blue dye. To evaluate the porosity of the macrocapsule, human serum albumin HSA protein release was performed from the macrocapsule. It has been shown that 98 of HSA was released from the macrocapsule within 24 hours. The polycaprolactone PCL macrocapsule was sterilized using UV light and was reported to show no in vitro cytotoxicity. In addition, it was shown that the cells in the macro-capsule consumed at least 10 glucose from the outside medium during 12 days of incubation, compared to 2D cell culture conditions, and were able to release at least 8 of the lactic acid molecules outside. Conclusion: In conclusion, reproducible fabrication of polymer macro-capsule, high viability of encapsulated cells inside, and their metabolic assessment results have obviously indicated the potential of these capsules as effective carriers for living cells with transplantation-dependent cellular therapies.

 Purpose: Cell transplantation is a widely used method to induce cell-mediated immune reactions inside the body. However, possible immune responses to the transplanted cells decrease the efficiency of applied cell therapy. This issue can be addressed by the transplantation of cells via 3D-printed polymeric capsules which encapsulate cells and protect them from immune system attacks. Cell-loaded capsules macro or micro have emerged as potential carriers for more efficacious cellular therapies. In this study, 3D-printed porous capsules were prepared from biodegradable and biocompatible polyester polycaprolactone PCL and this macro-capsule was evaluated as a carrier for its cell encapsulation effectiveness. Method: The macro-capsule was designed to have dimensions of 2x5x10 mm and drawn in Autodesk Fusion 360 program. PCL was utilized for its 3D bio-printing via Axolotl Bioprinter Dual Print Head System. Leakage on the closed form of the macro-capsule was visually controlled by surface electron microscopy SEM. Permeability of the macro-capsule was tested with trypan blue dye and human serum albumin HSA protein. Sterilization of the obtained macro-capsule was achieved via UV light and the cytotoxicity of the polycaprolactone capsule was tested for 24 and 72 hour incubation time periods. Results: The semi-permeable macro-capsule was successfully obtained as closed and hollow form. Its porous structure was demonstrated using trypan blue dye. To evaluate the porosity of the macrocapsule, human serum albumin HSA protein release was performed from the macrocapsule. It has been shown that 98 of HSA was released from the macrocapsule within 24 hours. The polycaprolactone PCL macrocapsule was sterilized using UV light and was reported to show no in vitro cytotoxicity. In addition, it was shown that the cells in the macro-capsule consumed at least 10 glucose from the outside medium during 12 days of incubation, compared to 2D cell culture conditions, and were able to release at least 8 of the lactic acid molecules outside. Conclusion: In conclusion, reproducible fabrication of polymer macro-capsule, high viability of encapsulated cells inside, and their metabolic assessment results have obviously indicated the potential of these capsules as effective carriers for living cells with transplantation-dependent cellular therapies.

 Purpose: Cell transplantation is a widely used method to induce cell-mediated immune reactions inside the body. However, possible immune responses to the transplanted cells decrease the efficiency of applied cell therapy. This issue can be addressed by the transplantation of cells via 3D-printed polymeric capsules which encapsulate cells and protect them from immune system attacks. Cell-loaded capsules macro or micro have emerged as potential carriers for more efficacious cellular therapies. In this study, 3D-printed porous capsules were prepared from biodegradable and biocompatible polyester polycaprolactone PCL and this macro-capsule was evaluated as a carrier for its cell encapsulation effectiveness. Method: The macro-capsule was designed to have dimensions of 2x5x10 mm and drawn in Autodesk Fusion 360 program. PCL was utilized for its 3D bio-printing via Axolotl Bioprinter Dual Print Head System. Leakage on the closed form of the macro-capsule was visually controlled by surface electron microscopy SEM. Permeability of the macro-capsule was tested with trypan blue dye and human serum albumin HSA protein. Sterilization of the obtained macro-capsule was achieved via UV light and the cytotoxicity of the polycaprolactone capsule was tested for 24 and 72 hour incubation time periods. Results: The semi-permeable macro-capsule was successfully obtained as closed and hollow form. Its porous structure was demonstrated using trypan blue dye. To evaluate the porosity of the macrocapsule, human serum albumin HSA protein release was performed from the macrocapsule. It has been shown that 98 of HSA was released from the macrocapsule within 24 hours. The polycaprolactone PCL macrocapsule was sterilized using UV light and was reported to show no in vitro cytotoxicity. In addition, it was shown that the cells in the macro-capsule consumed at least 10 glucose from the outside medium during 12 days of incubation, compared to 2D cell culture conditions, and were able to release at least 8 of the lactic acid molecules outside. Conclusion: In conclusion, reproducible fabrication of polymer macro-capsule, high viability of encapsulated cells inside, and their metabolic assessment results have obviously indicated the potential of these capsules as effective carriers for living cells with transplantation-dependent cellular therapies.

 Amaç: Hücre nakli, vücutta hücre aracılı bağışıklık reaksiyonlarını indüklemek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Bununla birlikte, nakledilen hücrelere karşı olası bağışıklık tepkileri, uygulanan hücre tedavisinin etkinliğini azaltır. Bu sorun, hücreleri enkapsüle eden ve onları bağışıklık sistemi saldırılarından koruyan 3D baskılı polimerik kapsüller aracılığıyla hücrelerin nakli ile çözülebilir. Hücre yüklü kapsüller makro veya mikro, daha etkili hücresel tedaviler için potansiyel taşıyıcılar olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, biyobozunur ve biyouyumlu polyester polikaprolakton PCLden 3D baskılı gözenekli kapsüller hazırlanmış ve bu yarı-geçirgen makro-kapsüllerin hücre transplantasyonu için etkin bir taşıyıcı olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Tasarlanan makro kapsül 2510 mm Autodesk Fusion 360 programında çizilmiş ve polikaprolakton PCL materyali ile Axo Bioprinter Dual Print Head System kullanılarak basılmıştır. Makro-kapsülün kapalı formu üzerinde sızıntı, yüzey elektron mikroskobu ile görsel olarak kontrol edilmiştir. Makrokapsülün geçirgenliği tripan mavi boya ve ayrıca insan serum albümin HSA proteini ile test edilmiştir. Polikaprolakton malzemelerinin hücreler üzerindeki sitotoksisitesi 24 ve 72 saatlik zaman dilimlerinde test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kapalı ve içi boş olacak şekilde yarı-geçirgen makro-kapsül formu başarı ile elde edildi. Makro-kapsülün gözenekli yapısının olduğu kapsülün tripan mavi boya kullanılarak gösterildi. Makrokapsülün gözenekliliğinin değerlendirilmesi için makro-kapsülden insan serum albümin protein salınımı yapıldı. İnsan serum albümin HSA proteininin miktarca 98inin 24 saat içinde makro kapsülden dışarıya salındığı gösterildi. Polikaprolakton PCL makro-kapsül UV ışığı kullanılarak sterilize edildi ve in vitro şartlarda sitotoksisite göstermediği raporlandı. Ayrıca makro-kapsül içindeki hücrelerin 12 günlük inkübasyon sırasında 2D hücre kültürü şartlarına göre en az 10 oranında dışarıdaki besiyerden glikoz tüketimi yaptıkları ve ürettikleri laktik asit moleküllerinin en az 8ini içerden dışarıya salabildikleri gösterildi. Sonuç: Polimer makro-kapsülün tekrarlanabilir üretimi, içerideki enkapsüle hücrelerin yüksek canlılık oranı ve bunların metabolik değerlendirme sonuçları, bu kapsüllerin transplantasyona bağlı hücresel terapilerde canlı hücreler için etkin taşıyıcılar olma potansiyelini açıkça göstermiştir.

Makale detayları

Macro-Capsule Fabrication via 3D Printing for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Encapsulation

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Ali Karaca | Derya Dilek Kançağı | Uğur Özbek | Ercüment Ovalı | Ozgul Gok

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Mühendislik

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.35 Issue 2, pp.157-163

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292919

pISSN:

2636-8277

Macro-capsule

Polymeric Capsule

3D printing

Cell therapy

Mesenchymal Stem CellsMakro Enkapsülasyon

Hücresel Tedavi

Enkapsülasyon

polimerik kapsül

3B Basım

mezenkimal kök hücre

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Ali Karaca | Derya Dilek Kançağı | Uğur Özbek | Ercüment Ovalı | Ozgul Gok

Yayıncı: Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar: Mühendislik

Dergi: International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.35 Issue 2, pp.157-163

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001292919

pISSN: 2636-8277

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Ali Karaca | Derya Dilek Kançağı | Uğur Özbek | Ercüment Ovalı | Ozgul Gok

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Mühendislik

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.35 Issue 2, pp.157-163

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292919

pISSN:

2636-8277