THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF ALEVI IDENTITY IN TURKISH POLITICS: THE (TURKIYE) UNITY PARTY

Fatih Çelik; Levent Börklüoğlu

Makale detayları

THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF ALEVI IDENTITY IN TURKISH POLITICS: THE (TURKIYE) UNITY PARTY

Yazarlar:

Fatih Çelik | Levent Börklüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları | Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.353-374

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332930

pISSN:

1306-8253

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Türkiye Unity Party, emerged as an institutional result of Alevisms search for a political identity and a place in multi-party democratic life, started its political activities on October 17, 1966. It had made efforts to respond to the demands and needs of its audience until it was shut down by the military coup of September 12, 1980. Until the second ordinary grand congress held in 1969, the Unity Party adopted an organizational structure that was at peace with the basic principles of the founding ideology and agreed around a program and statute that centered on Turkish nationalism and Kemalism. In this process, the party mostly brought up the Sunni-dominated representation of the Presidency of Religious Affairs and emphasized the obligation of the state to approach all belief groups equally based on secularism, in a way making the struggle for the official recognition of Alevism the core and main issues of its politics. By the end of the 1960s, when class contradictions had deepened significantly, the Unity Party, which continued on its path under the presidency of Mustafa Timisi, saw it as imperative to define a new political position in light of the changing socioeconomic dynamics of Türkiye. Adopting a leftist-themed policy on the condition that it remained within the democratic parliamentary system, the party redesigned its discourse in the same direction. With the new period, the Unity Party adopted a language of full independence, anti-imperialist, anti-American, anti-capitalist, and clarified its political position by defining the enemies of the working class, the sole subject of its line of struggle. The cultural demands of Alevis, on the other hand, were not pushed to the back of the agenda, but were put on the back burner of the partys agenda. In this study, the birth of the Türkiye Unity Party, which is an emergence of the Alevis search for representation, its development process and the elections it participated in are analyzed, and the reasons behind the partys failure in achieving the aim are discussed.

 The Türkiye Unity Party, emerged as an institutional result of Alevisms search for a political identity and a place in multi-party democratic life, started its political activities on October 17, 1966. It had made efforts to respond to the demands and needs of its audience until it was shut down by the military coup of September 12, 1980. Until the second ordinary grand congress held in 1969, the Unity Party adopted an organizational structure that was at peace with the basic principles of the founding ideology and agreed around a program and statute that centered on Turkish nationalism and Kemalism. In this process, the party mostly brought up the Sunni-dominated representation of the Presidency of Religious Affairs and emphasized the obligation of the state to approach all belief groups equally based on secularism, in a way making the struggle for the official recognition of Alevism the core and main issues of its politics. By the end of the 1960s, when class contradictions had deepened significantly, the Unity Party, which continued on its path under the presidency of Mustafa Timisi, saw it as imperative to define a new political position in light of the changing socioeconomic dynamics of Türkiye. Adopting a leftist-themed policy on the condition that it remained within the democratic parliamentary system, the party redesigned its discourse in the same direction. With the new period, the Unity Party adopted a language of full independence, anti-imperialist, anti-American, anti-capitalist, and clarified its political position by defining the enemies of the working class, the sole subject of its line of struggle. The cultural demands of Alevis, on the other hand, were not pushed to the back of the agenda, but were put on the back burner of the partys agenda. In this study, the birth of the Türkiye Unity Party, which is an emergence of the Alevis search for representation, its development process and the elections it participated in are analyzed, and the reasons behind the partys failure in achieving the aim are discussed.

 The Türkiye Unity Party, emerged as an institutional result of Alevisms search for a political identity and a place in multi-party democratic life, started its political activities on October 17, 1966. It had made efforts to respond to the demands and needs of its audience until it was shut down by the military coup of September 12, 1980. Until the second ordinary grand congress held in 1969, the Unity Party adopted an organizational structure that was at peace with the basic principles of the founding ideology and agreed around a program and statute that centered on Turkish nationalism and Kemalism. In this process, the party mostly brought up the Sunni-dominated representation of the Presidency of Religious Affairs and emphasized the obligation of the state to approach all belief groups equally based on secularism, in a way making the struggle for the official recognition of Alevism the core and main issues of its politics. By the end of the 1960s, when class contradictions had deepened significantly, the Unity Party, which continued on its path under the presidency of Mustafa Timisi, saw it as imperative to define a new political position in light of the changing socioeconomic dynamics of Türkiye. Adopting a leftist-themed policy on the condition that it remained within the democratic parliamentary system, the party redesigned its discourse in the same direction. With the new period, the Unity Party adopted a language of full independence, anti-imperialist, anti-American, anti-capitalist, and clarified its political position by defining the enemies of the working class, the sole subject of its line of struggle. The cultural demands of Alevis, on the other hand, were not pushed to the back of the agenda, but were put on the back burner of the partys agenda. In this study, the birth of the Türkiye Unity Party, which is an emergence of the Alevis search for representation, its development process and the elections it participated in are analyzed, and the reasons behind the partys failure in achieving the aim are discussed.

 Çıkış noktası bakımından Aleviliğin çok partili demokratik hayat içerisinde siyasal bir kimlik ve yer edinme arayışlarının kurumsal bir sonucu olarak vücut bulan Türkiye Birlik Partisi 17 Ekim 1966 tarihinde politik faaliyetlerine başlamış; 12 Eylül 1980 askeri darbesiyle -tüm partiler gibi- kapatılana kadar hitap ettiği kitlenin talep ve ihtiyaçlarına yanıt vermeye çaba sarf etmiştir. Birlik Partisi 1969 yılında düzenlenen ikinci olağan büyük kongreye kadar kurucu ideolojinin temel ilkeleriyle barışık, Türk milliyetçiliğini ve Atatürkçülüğü merkezine alan bir program ve tüzük etrafında hemfikir olmuş bir organizasyon yapısına bürünmüştür. Bu süreçte daha çok Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığının Sünni ağırlıklı temsiliyetini gündeme getirip laiklik temelinde devletin tüm inanç gruplarına eşit şekilde yaklaşması zorunluluğunu vurgulayan parti, bir bakıma Aleviliğin resmî düzlemde tanınma mücadelesini siyasetinin başat ve temel konusu hâline getirmiştir. Sınıf çelişkilerinin belirgin bir biçimde derinleştiği 1960ların sonuna gelindiğinde ise Mustafa Timisinin genel başkanlığında yoluna devam eden Birlik Partisi, Türkiyenin değişen sosyoekonomik dinamiklerini göz önünde bulundurarak yeni bir siyasal pozisyon belirlemeyi zorunluluk olarak görmüştür. Demokratik parlamenter sistem içerisinde kalmak şartıyla sol temalı politikayı benimseyen parti, söylemini de aynı doğrultuda yeniden tasarıma tâbi tutmuştur. Yeni dönemle birlikte tam bağımsızlıkçı, antiemperyalist, anti Amerikancı, antikapitalist bir dil tutturan Birlik Partisi, mücadele hattının biricik öznesi olan işçi sınıfının düşmanlarını da tanımlayarak siyaseten durduğu noktayı netleştirmiştir. Alevilerin kültürel talepleri ise gündemin dışına itilmemekle birlikte partinin ajandasında arka sıraya yazılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Alevilerin temsil arayışının uzantısı olan Türkiye Birlik Partisinin doğuşu, gelişim süreci ve katıldığı seçimler mercek altına alınmış; sonucunda partinin hedeflediği başarıyı elde edememesinin arkasında yatan sebepler tartışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF ALEVI IDENTITY IN TURKISH POLITICS: THE (TURKIYE) UNITY PARTY

Yazarlar:

Fatih Çelik | Levent Börklüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları | Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.353-374

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332930

pISSN:

1306-8253

Alevism

Political Representation

The Unity Party

Turkish Political Life

Türkiye Unity PartyBirlik Partisi

Türkiye Birlik Partisi

Siyasal Temsil

Alevilik

Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatih Çelik | Levent Börklüoğlu

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları | Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Dergi: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.353-374

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001332930

pISSN: 1306-8253

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatih Çelik | Levent Börklüoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Alevilik Bektaşilik Araştırmaları | Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.353-374

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332930

pISSN:

1306-8253