Reflections of the efforts for language unity in the construction of the nation state in the press: "Citizen, speak Turkish!" Campaign

Okan Gülbak; Tuğce Kaba

Makale detayları

Reflections of the efforts for language unity in the construction of the nation state in the press: "Citizen, speak Turkish!" Campaign

Yazarlar:

Okan Gülbak | Tuğce Kaba

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Ticaret University

Ana Başlıklar:

İletişim ve Medya Politikası | Kamu Politikası

Dergi:

İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 51, pp.2134-2165

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336443

pISSN:

1303-5495

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study aims to explain and make sense of the social projections of the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign, which was tried to be realized in the 1930s, in the context of political history, based on the reflections of language policies in the press in the construction of the nation state and national identity. For this purpose, open-access newspaper archives were examined by focusing on the news and headlines that appeared in the Turkish press in the 1930s and reflected the campaign, and analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that headlines and news items related to the campaign were covered in a total of six newspapers between 1930 and 1938, with 1934 being the most common year, and were grouped under the themes of HebraismJudaism and student youth. The news and headlines under the theme of HebraismJudaism show that the reflections of the language policy at the social level were mainly centered on Jews rather than all layers of society and the other theme revealed that the indirect representation of the state in these reflections was carried out through newspapers, columnists and student youth. According to the findings, language unity efforts are not only targeted at a certain segment of the society, such as minorities, but also at all segments of the society who do not tend to speak the language well and insist on using foreign words. Therefore, it has been determined that the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign targets not only minorities but the whole society in the process of building the desired citizen.

 This study aims to explain and make sense of the social projections of the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign, which was tried to be realized in the 1930s, in the context of political history, based on the reflections of language policies in the press in the construction of the nation state and national identity. For this purpose, open-access newspaper archives were examined by focusing on the news and headlines that appeared in the Turkish press in the 1930s and reflected the campaign, and analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that headlines and news items related to the campaign were covered in a total of six newspapers between 1930 and 1938, with 1934 being the most common year, and were grouped under the themes of HebraismJudaism and student youth. The news and headlines under the theme of HebraismJudaism show that the reflections of the language policy at the social level were mainly centered on Jews rather than all layers of society and the other theme revealed that the indirect representation of the state in these reflections was carried out through newspapers, columnists and student youth. According to the findings, language unity efforts are not only targeted at a certain segment of the society, such as minorities, but also at all segments of the society who do not tend to speak the language well and insist on using foreign words. Therefore, it has been determined that the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign targets not only minorities but the whole society in the process of building the desired citizen.

 This study aims to explain and make sense of the social projections of the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign, which was tried to be realized in the 1930s, in the context of political history, based on the reflections of language policies in the press in the construction of the nation state and national identity. For this purpose, open-access newspaper archives were examined by focusing on the news and headlines that appeared in the Turkish press in the 1930s and reflected the campaign, and analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that headlines and news items related to the campaign were covered in a total of six newspapers between 1930 and 1938, with 1934 being the most common year, and were grouped under the themes of HebraismJudaism and student youth. The news and headlines under the theme of HebraismJudaism show that the reflections of the language policy at the social level were mainly centered on Jews rather than all layers of society and the other theme revealed that the indirect representation of the state in these reflections was carried out through newspapers, columnists and student youth. According to the findings, language unity efforts are not only targeted at a certain segment of the society, such as minorities, but also at all segments of the society who do not tend to speak the language well and insist on using foreign words. Therefore, it has been determined that the Citizen Speak Turkish campaign targets not only minorities but the whole society in the process of building the desired citizen.

 Bu çalışma, ulus devlet ve ulusal kimlik inşasında dil politikalarının basına yansımalarından hareketle 1930lu yıllarda hayata geçirilmeye çalışılan Vatandaş Türkçe Konuş kampanyasının toplumsal izdüşümlerini, siyasi tarih bağlamında açıklamayı ve anlamlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla 1930lu yıllarda Türk basınında yer bulan ve kampanyayı yansıtan haber ve başlıklara odaklanılarak açık erişimli gazete arşivleri taranmış ve nitel analiz yöntemlerinden tematik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, toplam altı gazetede kampanya ile ilgili başlık ve haberlere 1934 yılı yoğunlukta olmak üzere 1930-1938 yılları arasında yer verildiği ve MusevilikYahudilik ile öğrenci gençler temaları altında toplandığı görülmüştür. MusevilikYahudilik teması altında bulunan haber ve başlıklar, takip edilen dil politikasının toplumsal düzeydeki yansımalarının toplumun tüm katmanlarından ziyade, esas itibariyle Yahudileri merkeze aldığını gösterirken; diğer tema ise söz konusu yansımalarda devletin dolaylı temsilciliğini gazeteler, köşe yazarları ve öğrenci gençler üzerinden yürüttüğünü ortaya çıkarmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre dil birliği çabalarının yalnızca azınlıklar gibi toplumun belirli bir kesimine yönelik değil; aynı zamanda dili iyi konuşmaya eğilim göstermeyen ve yabancı sözcükler kullanmada ısrarcı olan toplumun tüm kesimlerine hitap ettiği saptanmıştır. Dolayısıyla Vatandaş Türkçe Konuş kampanyasının arzulanan vatandaş inşa etme sürecinde, yalnızca azınlıkları değil, tüm toplumu hedeflediği tespit edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Reflections of the efforts for language unity in the construction of the nation state in the press: "Citizen, speak Turkish!" Campaign

Yazarlar:

Okan Gülbak | Tuğce Kaba

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Ticaret University

Ana Başlıklar:

İletişim ve Medya Politikası | Kamu Politikası

Dergi:

İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 51, pp.2134-2165

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336443

pISSN:

1303-5495

Nation State Building

Citizen Building

Language Unity

Citizen Speak Turkish

Press ResearchUlus Devlet İnşası

Vatandaş İnşası

Dil Birliği

Vatandaş Türkçe Konuş

Basın Çalışmaları

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Okan Gülbak | Tuğce Kaba

Yayıncı: Istanbul Ticaret University

Ana Başlıklar: İletişim ve Medya Politikası | Kamu Politikası

Dergi: İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 51, pp.2134-2165

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001336443

pISSN: 1303-5495

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Okan Gülbak | Tuğce Kaba

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Ticaret University

Ana Başlıklar:

İletişim ve Medya Politikası | Kamu Politikası

Dergi:

İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 51, pp.2134-2165

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336443

pISSN:

1303-5495