“DERECE-USUL” CATEGORY IN TATAR TURKISH GRAMMAR SOURCES

Gamze Çimen

Makale detayları

“DERECE-USUL” CATEGORY IN TATAR TURKISH GRAMMAR SOURCES

Yazarlar:

Gamze Çimen

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Batı (Kıpçak) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.64 Issue 1, pp.18-61

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319812

pISSN:

2459-0150

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The boundaries of the manner of action and aspect in the Turkish language and in Tatar Turkish have not yet been fully determined. In general linguistics, the manner of action and aspect characteristics of verbs have been tried to be explained in Tatar Turkish grammar sources, by comparing them with the concept of vid in the Russian language, through the structures discussed under the name of derece-usul category, which is examined in the lexical-grammatical category in terms of their structural formation and functions. According to Tatar Turkish grammatical sources, there are four methods of creating the derece-usul category: the morphological method, the analytical method, the repetition of various verbs, and the combination of the verbs totın-, kéréş- and mataş into the verb with the -IrgA morpheme. The morrphological method is established by adding certain morphemes to the verb. With the most commonly used analytical method, compound verbs are formed by using the verb that completely or partially loses its meaning and acts as an auxiliary verb and joins the main verb with the adverb morpheme -A  -y or -Ip. The structures created by these methods, depending on the context, convey various additional meanings related to the realization feature of the action named by the verb, such as initiation, direction, continuity, singularity, suddenness, partial realization or completion and result. Such structures, which do not cause a fundamental change in the movement named by the verb but indicate some nuances regarding the degree and method of its realization, are evaluated on the basis of the lexical-grammatical category, since there are lexical and grammatical elements in their construction. This study was created by collecting data about the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish grammar sources and comparing this category with the Russian vid, analyzing the methods of creating the derece-usul category on the basis of these data, and explaining the various functions of the structures created by various methods with context-related example sentences. In this way, it is aimed to contribute to the understanding of the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish.

 The boundaries of the manner of action and aspect in the Turkish language and in Tatar Turkish have not yet been fully determined. In general linguistics, the manner of action and aspect characteristics of verbs have been tried to be explained in Tatar Turkish grammar sources, by comparing them with the concept of vid in the Russian language, through the structures discussed under the name of derece-usul category, which is examined in the lexical-grammatical category in terms of their structural formation and functions. According to Tatar Turkish grammatical sources, there are four methods of creating the derece-usul category: the morphological method, the analytical method, the repetition of various verbs, and the combination of the verbs totın-, kéréş- and mataş into the verb with the -IrgA morpheme. The morrphological method is established by adding certain morphemes to the verb. With the most commonly used analytical method, compound verbs are formed by using the verb that completely or partially loses its meaning and acts as an auxiliary verb and joins the main verb with the adverb morpheme -A  -y or -Ip. The structures created by these methods, depending on the context, convey various additional meanings related to the realization feature of the action named by the verb, such as initiation, direction, continuity, singularity, suddenness, partial realization or completion and result. Such structures, which do not cause a fundamental change in the movement named by the verb but indicate some nuances regarding the degree and method of its realization, are evaluated on the basis of the lexical-grammatical category, since there are lexical and grammatical elements in their construction. This study was created by collecting data about the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish grammar sources and comparing this category with the Russian vid, analyzing the methods of creating the derece-usul category on the basis of these data, and explaining the various functions of the structures created by various methods with context-related example sentences. In this way, it is aimed to contribute to the understanding of the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish.

 The boundaries of the manner of action and aspect in the Turkish language and in Tatar Turkish have not yet been fully determined. In general linguistics, the manner of action and aspect characteristics of verbs have been tried to be explained in Tatar Turkish grammar sources, by comparing them with the concept of vid in the Russian language, through the structures discussed under the name of derece-usul category, which is examined in the lexical-grammatical category in terms of their structural formation and functions. According to Tatar Turkish grammatical sources, there are four methods of creating the derece-usul category: the morphological method, the analytical method, the repetition of various verbs, and the combination of the verbs totın-, kéréş- and mataş into the verb with the -IrgA morpheme. The morrphological method is established by adding certain morphemes to the verb. With the most commonly used analytical method, compound verbs are formed by using the verb that completely or partially loses its meaning and acts as an auxiliary verb and joins the main verb with the adverb morpheme -A  -y or -Ip. The structures created by these methods, depending on the context, convey various additional meanings related to the realization feature of the action named by the verb, such as initiation, direction, continuity, singularity, suddenness, partial realization or completion and result. Such structures, which do not cause a fundamental change in the movement named by the verb but indicate some nuances regarding the degree and method of its realization, are evaluated on the basis of the lexical-grammatical category, since there are lexical and grammatical elements in their construction. This study was created by collecting data about the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish grammar sources and comparing this category with the Russian vid, analyzing the methods of creating the derece-usul category on the basis of these data, and explaining the various functions of the structures created by various methods with context-related example sentences. In this way, it is aimed to contribute to the understanding of the derece-usul category in Tatar Turkish.

 Türk dilinde ve bunların içinde Tatar Türkçesinde fiillerin kılınış-görünüş özelliklerinin sınırları henüz tam olarak belirlenememiştir. Genel dilbilimde fiillerin kılınış-görünüş özellikleri Tatar Türkçesi dilbilgisi kaynaklarında, Rus dilindeki vid terimiyle adlandırılan kavramla karşılaştırılarak yapısal yönden oluşturulma biçimleri ve işlevleri bakımından sözlüksel-dilbilgisel kategoride incelenen derece-usul kategorisi adı altında ele alınan yapılar üzerinden açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Tatar Türkçesi dilbilgisi kaynaklarına göre derece-usul kategorisini oluşturmanın ekleme yöntemi, çözümleme yöntemi, tekrar yöntemi ve -IrgA biçimbirimli fiile totın-, kéréş- ve mataş fiillerinin birleşmesi yöntemi olmak üzere dört yöntemi vardır. Ekleme yöntemi fiile belirli biçimbirimler getirilmesi yoluyla kurulur. En yaygın kullanılan çözümleme yöntemiyle kendi anlamını tamamen ya da kısmen kaybedip yardımcı fiil rolünde gelip ana fiille -A -y ya da -Ip zarf fiil biçimbirimi aracılığıyla birleşen fiilin kullanılmasıyla oluşan birleşik fiiller oluşturur. Bu yöntemlerle oluşturulan yapılar bağlam bağlantılı olarak fiilin adlandırdığı hareketin başlama, yönelme, devamlılık, teklanma, anilik, kısmen gerçekleşme ya da tamamlanma ve sonucu gibi gerçekleşme özelliğiyle ilgili çeşitli ilave anlamlar bildirirler. Fiilin adlandırdığı harekette temel olarak bir değişikliğe yol açmayıp onun gerçekleşme derecesi ve usulüyle ilgili birtakım nüanslar bildiren böyle yapılar, kurulumlarında sözlüksel ve dilbigisel unsurlar bulunduğundan sözlüksel-dilbilgisel kategori esasında değerlendirilir. Bu çalışma Tatar Türkçesi dilbilgisi kaynaklarında derece-usul kategorisi ve bu kategorinin Rusça vid ile karşılaştırılmasıyla ilgili verilerin toplanması, bu veriler esasında derece-usul kategorisini oluşturma yöntemlerinin analiz edilmesi ve çeşitli yöntemlerle oluşturulan yapıların ortaya konan çeşitli işlevlerinin bağlam bağlantılı olarak örnek cümlelerle açıklanması yöntemleriyle oluşturulmuştur. Bu sayede Tatar Türkçesindeki derece-usul kategorisinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.

Makale detayları

“DERECE-USUL” CATEGORY IN TATAR TURKISH GRAMMAR SOURCES

Yazarlar:

Gamze Çimen

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Batı (Kıpçak) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.64 Issue 1, pp.18-61

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319812

pISSN:

2459-0150

Tatar Turkish

Derece-usul category

Manner of action

Aspect

VidTatar Türkçesi

Derece-usul kategorisi

Kılınış

Görünüş

Vid

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Gamze Çimen

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: Kuzey-Batı (Kıpçak) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.64 Issue 1, pp.18-61

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001319812

pISSN: 2459-0150

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Gamze Çimen

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Batı (Kıpçak) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.64 Issue 1, pp.18-61

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319812

pISSN:

2459-0150