Evaluation of the Service Needs Financing of Participation Banking from an Islamic Jurisprudence Perspective

Cemil Liv

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Service Needs Financing of Participation Banking from an Islamic Jurisprudence Perspective

Yazarlar:

Cemil Liv

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Finansı | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.87-105

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317310

pISSN:

2757-8399

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Throughout history, people have engaged in debt relationships to fulfill their financial needs. Over time, banks emerged to meet peoples borrowing needs. However, these banks reliance on interest-bearing loans for capital led Muslims to search for interest-free institutions. In our country, these institutions are known as participation banks. These institutions, which are called participation banks in our country by developing interest-free methods, they have established a significant capital source model for the interest-free economy. The rapid change in peoples consumption culture with the development of technological means has led to a diversification in the need for money. There has been a considerable increase in applications for investment and need-based loans from banks. Participation banks have attempted to develop methods to provide financial support for those seeking funds in education, health, travel, tourism, Hajj, and Umrah. In this context, the purpose of the research is to determine the jurisprudential nature of the financing provided by participation banks to meet the needs of various service sectors, ranging from education to healthcare, and from haj and umrah to tourism. This study focuses on how participation banks offer financial support in the service sector, determining whether it falls under murâbaha or lease-to-own models, and the Islamic jurisprudential issues that arise during implementation. The study concludes that evaluating the financial support of participation banks under the lease-to-own model is more appropriate. However, for this to be feasible, banks must directly lease the service from the provider and sublease it to the customer. The customer must not have acquired the service directly from the provider before contracting with the bank. The bank should pay the provider, not the customer, and the service duration, characteristics, features, fees, and payment plan must be clearly defined. When these conditions are met, participation banks can provide financial support to meet peoples service sector needs.

 Throughout history, people have engaged in debt relationships to fulfill their financial needs. Over time, banks emerged to meet peoples borrowing needs. However, these banks reliance on interest-bearing loans for capital led Muslims to search for interest-free institutions. In our country, these institutions are known as participation banks. These institutions, which are called participation banks in our country by developing interest-free methods, they have established a significant capital source model for the interest-free economy. The rapid change in peoples consumption culture with the development of technological means has led to a diversification in the need for money. There has been a considerable increase in applications for investment and need-based loans from banks. Participation banks have attempted to develop methods to provide financial support for those seeking funds in education, health, travel, tourism, Hajj, and Umrah. In this context, the purpose of the research is to determine the jurisprudential nature of the financing provided by participation banks to meet the needs of various service sectors, ranging from education to healthcare, and from haj and umrah to tourism. This study focuses on how participation banks offer financial support in the service sector, determining whether it falls under murâbaha or lease-to-own models, and the Islamic jurisprudential issues that arise during implementation. The study concludes that evaluating the financial support of participation banks under the lease-to-own model is more appropriate. However, for this to be feasible, banks must directly lease the service from the provider and sublease it to the customer. The customer must not have acquired the service directly from the provider before contracting with the bank. The bank should pay the provider, not the customer, and the service duration, characteristics, features, fees, and payment plan must be clearly defined. When these conditions are met, participation banks can provide financial support to meet peoples service sector needs.

 Throughout history, people have engaged in debt relationships to fulfill their financial needs. Over time, banks emerged to meet peoples borrowing needs. However, these banks reliance on interest-bearing loans for capital led Muslims to search for interest-free institutions. In our country, these institutions are known as participation banks. These institutions, which are called participation banks in our country by developing interest-free methods, they have established a significant capital source model for the interest-free economy. The rapid change in peoples consumption culture with the development of technological means has led to a diversification in the need for money. There has been a considerable increase in applications for investment and need-based loans from banks. Participation banks have attempted to develop methods to provide financial support for those seeking funds in education, health, travel, tourism, Hajj, and Umrah. In this context, the purpose of the research is to determine the jurisprudential nature of the financing provided by participation banks to meet the needs of various service sectors, ranging from education to healthcare, and from haj and umrah to tourism. This study focuses on how participation banks offer financial support in the service sector, determining whether it falls under murâbaha or lease-to-own models, and the Islamic jurisprudential issues that arise during implementation. The study concludes that evaluating the financial support of participation banks under the lease-to-own model is more appropriate. However, for this to be feasible, banks must directly lease the service from the provider and sublease it to the customer. The customer must not have acquired the service directly from the provider before contracting with the bank. The bank should pay the provider, not the customer, and the service duration, characteristics, features, fees, and payment plan must be clearly defined. When these conditions are met, participation banks can provide financial support to meet peoples service sector needs.

 İnsanlar tarih borunca ihtiyaçlarını gidermek için gerekli olan parayı bulmak adına borç ilişkisi içerisine girmişlerdir. Zamanla insanların borç ihtiyaçlarını giderecek bankalar kurulmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak bankaların sermaye ihtiyaçlarını faizli kredi ile karşılamaları, Müslümanları faizsiz alternatif kurumlar ihdas etme arayışlarına yönlendirmiştir. Ülkemizde katılım bankaları olarak isimlendirilen bu kurumlar geliştirdikleri faizsiz yöntemler sayesinde faizsiz ekonomi için önemli bir sermaye kaynağı modeli oluşturmuştur. Teknolojik imkânların gelişimi ile birlikte insanların tüketim kültüründe yaşanan hızlı değişim, paraya olan ihtiyaç kalemlerinde de çeşitlenmelere neden olmuştur. Bankalara yatırım amaçlı sermaye talebiyle müracaat edenlerin yanı sıra ihtiyaç kredisi talebiyle müracaatlarda da ciddi artışlar söz konusu olmuştur. Katılım bankaları da eğitim, sağlık, seyahat, turizm, hac ve umre gibi alanlarda finans desteği arayanlara alternatif bir kaynak sunmak için yöntemler geliştirmeye çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın amacını, katılım bankalarının eğitimden sağlığa, hac ve umreden turizme kadar pek çok kalemde sundukları hizmet sektörüne yönelik ihtiyaç finansmanın fıkhî niteliğini belirlemek oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada katılım bankalarının hizmet sektörüne yönelik sundukları bu finans desteğinin nasıl uygulandığı, murâbaha mı yoksa zimmette kiralama kapsamında mı değerlendirileceği, yöntemin işleyişinde ortaya çıkan fıkhî problemlerin neler olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda katılım bankalarının sundukları ihtiyaç finansının zimmette kiralama modeli kapsamında değerlendirilmesinin daha isabetli olacağı kanaatine ulaşılmıştır. Ancak ihtiyaç finansının zimmette kira modeli aracılığıyla sağlanabilmesi için bankaların uygulama esnasında ilgili hizmeti bizzat hizmet sunucu firmadan kiralayarak alt kiralama modeli ile müşterisine kiralaması, müşterinin banka ile yapacağı sözleşme öncesinde doğrudan hizmet sağlayıcı firmadan hizmeti almamış olması, bankanın hizmete yönelik ücreti müşteriye değil ilgili firmaya vermesi ve verilecek hizmetin süresi, vasıfları, özellikleri, ödenecek ücret ve ödeme planının açıkça belirlenmiş olması gerekir. Bu şartlar yerine geldiğinde, katılım bankalarının insanların hizmet sektörüne yönelik ihtiyaçlarını gidermek adına finans desteği sunmasının mümkün olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Service Needs Financing of Participation Banking from an Islamic Jurisprudence Perspective

Yazarlar:

Cemil Liv

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Finansı | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.87-105

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317310

pISSN:

2757-8399

Islamic law

Participation Bank

Murabaha

Rental on Liability

Interest.İslâm hukuku

Katılım Bankası

Zimmete Kiralama

Murabaha

Faiz

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Cemil Liv

Yayıncı: Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Finansı | İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.87-105

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001317310

pISSN: 2757-8399

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Cemil Liv

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Finansı | İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.87-105

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317310

pISSN:

2757-8399