A General Assessment on the Legal Consequences of the Termination of an Employment Contract upon the Death of One of the Parties

Yeliz Bozkurt

Makale detayları

A General Assessment on the Legal Consequences of the Termination of an Employment Contract upon the Death of One of the Parties

Yazarlar:

Yeliz Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 1, pp.737-767

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321466

pISSN:

2146-7129

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In our study, it is aimed to discuss the legal consequences of the termination of the employment contract due to the death of one of the parties, limited to the employees within the scope of the Labour Law, in comparison with the legislation, current judicial decisions and Swiss Law. One of the reasons for the automatic termination of the employment contract is death. As a principle, it is accepted that the employment contract continues to exist in the event of the death of the employer and terminates in the event of the death of the employee. Nevertheless, in some cases, the employers death is considered an automatic termination of the employment contract. In such instance, it is important to ascertaining the legal entitlements of the employee who has been terminated. The legal matters to be considered regarding the death of an employer include determining the circumstances under which the employment contract will be automatically terminated, identifying the situations in which employees are entitled to fair compensation as regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations, establishing the principles for determining the amount of this compensation, addressing any variations resulting from the type of employment contract, assessing the status of employees under the Labour Law, and determining their eligibility for severance and notice payments. In terms of the death of the employee, although the continuation of the contract is certain, some issues may be encountered in determining the various entitlements that the legal heirs of the employee and other beneficiaries can assert vis-à-vis the employer. In this context, the beneficiaries, the amount to be paid and its relationship with similar receivables and compensations of the legal nature and scope of the subsequent payment obligation after death regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations will be evaluated within the framework of the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations and the repealed Labour Law No. 1475 Article 14 that in force on severance pay.

 In our study, it is aimed to discuss the legal consequences of the termination of the employment contract due to the death of one of the parties, limited to the employees within the scope of the Labour Law, in comparison with the legislation, current judicial decisions and Swiss Law. One of the reasons for the automatic termination of the employment contract is death. As a principle, it is accepted that the employment contract continues to exist in the event of the death of the employer and terminates in the event of the death of the employee. Nevertheless, in some cases, the employers death is considered an automatic termination of the employment contract. In such instance, it is important to ascertaining the legal entitlements of the employee who has been terminated. The legal matters to be considered regarding the death of an employer include determining the circumstances under which the employment contract will be automatically terminated, identifying the situations in which employees are entitled to fair compensation as regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations, establishing the principles for determining the amount of this compensation, addressing any variations resulting from the type of employment contract, assessing the status of employees under the Labour Law, and determining their eligibility for severance and notice payments. In terms of the death of the employee, although the continuation of the contract is certain, some issues may be encountered in determining the various entitlements that the legal heirs of the employee and other beneficiaries can assert vis-à-vis the employer. In this context, the beneficiaries, the amount to be paid and its relationship with similar receivables and compensations of the legal nature and scope of the subsequent payment obligation after death regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations will be evaluated within the framework of the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations and the repealed Labour Law No. 1475 Article 14 that in force on severance pay.

 In our study, it is aimed to discuss the legal consequences of the termination of the employment contract due to the death of one of the parties, limited to the employees within the scope of the Labour Law, in comparison with the legislation, current judicial decisions and Swiss Law. One of the reasons for the automatic termination of the employment contract is death. As a principle, it is accepted that the employment contract continues to exist in the event of the death of the employer and terminates in the event of the death of the employee. Nevertheless, in some cases, the employers death is considered an automatic termination of the employment contract. In such instance, it is important to ascertaining the legal entitlements of the employee who has been terminated. The legal matters to be considered regarding the death of an employer include determining the circumstances under which the employment contract will be automatically terminated, identifying the situations in which employees are entitled to fair compensation as regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations, establishing the principles for determining the amount of this compensation, addressing any variations resulting from the type of employment contract, assessing the status of employees under the Labour Law, and determining their eligibility for severance and notice payments. In terms of the death of the employee, although the continuation of the contract is certain, some issues may be encountered in determining the various entitlements that the legal heirs of the employee and other beneficiaries can assert vis-à-vis the employer. In this context, the beneficiaries, the amount to be paid and its relationship with similar receivables and compensations of the legal nature and scope of the subsequent payment obligation after death regulated by the Turkish Code of Obligations will be evaluated within the framework of the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations and the repealed Labour Law No. 1475 Article 14 that in force on severance pay.

 Taraflardan birinin ölümünün iş sözleşmesinin akıbetine etkileri ve buna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan hukuki sonuçların belirlenmesinde çeşitli hukuki soru ve sorunlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Kural olarak, işverenin ölümü halinde iş sözleşmesinin varlığını sürdürdüğü, işçinin ölümünde ise sona erdiği kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, bazı hallerde işverenin ölümü de iş sözleşmesinin kendiliğinden sona erdiren bir sebep teşkil etmektedir. Bu durumda iş sözleşmesi sona eren işçinin haklarının belirlenmesi önem taşımaktadır. İşverenin ölümü açısından ele alınacak hukuki sorunlar; hangi hallerde iş sözleşmesinin kendiliğinden sona ermiş sayılacağı, kendiliğinden sona ermeye bağlı olarak Türk Borçlar Kanununda düzenlenen hakkaniyet tazminatına hangi koşulların varlığı halinde hak kazanılabileceği ve bu tazminatın miktarının belirlenmesinde dikkate alınması gereken esaslar ile iş sözleşmesinin türünün etkisi, ölüm nedeniyle iş sözleşmesi kendiliğinden sona eren işçinin hak sahiplerinin kıdem tazminatına hak kazanıp kazanamayacağı noktalarında toplanmaktadır. İşçinin ölümü bakımından ise, sözleşmenin akıbeti belli olmasına karşılık yasal mirasçıları ile diğer hak sahiplerinin işverenden talep edebileceği çeşitli hakların belirlenmesinde bazı sorunlarla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda, iş sözleşmesinin taraflardan birinin ölümü ile sona ermesine bağlanan hukuki sonuçların, İş Kanunu kapsamındaki iş ilişkileri ile sınırlı olarak mevzuat, güncel yargı kararları ve İsviçre Hukuku ile karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede, Türk Borçlar Kanunu ile mülga 1475 sayılı İş Kanununun yürürlükte olan kıdem tazminatına ilişkin 14. maddesinde yer alan düzenlemeler çerçevesinde, Türk Borçlar Kanunu ile getirilen ölüme bağlı müteakip ücret ödeme yükümlülüğünün hukuki niteliği, kapsamı, hak sahipleri, ödenecek miktar ile benzer alacak ve tazminatlarla ilişkisi değerlendirilecektir.

Makale detayları

A General Assessment on the Legal Consequences of the Termination of an Employment Contract upon the Death of One of the Parties

Yazarlar:

Yeliz Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 1, pp.737-767

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321466

pISSN:

2146-7129

Death

Termination of Employment Contract

Death Benefit

Severance Pay

Subsequent Payment ObligationÖlüm

İş Sözleşmesinin Sona Ermesi

Ölüm Tazminatı

Kıdem Tazminatı

Müteakip Ödeme Yükümlülüğü

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Yeliz Bozkurt

Yayıncı: Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar: İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

Dergi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 1, pp.737-767

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001321466

pISSN: 2146-7129

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Yeliz Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 1, pp.737-767

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321466

pISSN:

2146-7129