Detection of Some Mistakes in al-Hidāyah Through Commentaries

Hamza Arslan

Makale detayları

Detection of Some Mistakes in al-Hidāyah Through Commentaries

Yazarlar:

Hamza Arslan

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.195-220

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294708

pISSN:

2717-610X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 al-Hidāyah was written by the famous Ḥanafī scholar Burhān al-Dīn al-Marghīnānī. It is one of the most famous and respected texts of the Ḥanafī school. The period of Mutaakhirīn is one of the most popular works of Ḥanafī jurists. It has been used as a textbook in Ḥanafī madrasas for years. It has maintained its reputation to this day. Prominent scholars of the Ḥanafī sect have annotated this work. al-Hidāyah has become a popular and highly reliable work due to Marghīnānī s scientific power and competence, his handling of the subjects as a whole, and the beauty of his style. In fact, it has been observed that different arrangements have been made in the work, although it adhered to the fiqh systematics of the previous Ḥanafī scholars. It is also notable that the author has different views from other lawyers. However, it is seen that there is some erroneous information in the work. It is possible that these statements were written inadvertently and were incomplete and inaccurate information transfer made by Marghīnānī. In this research, information will be given about how the commentators evaluate the incorrect information in al-Hidāyah. We tried to examine the subject under three headings. Under the first title, errors in worship issues have been identified. These topics include the following sub-headings: 1. The ruling of the ghusl on Friday. 2. The issue of counting the belly as awrah. 3. Prayer at the Kaʿbah. 4. To intend to fast after the time of zawāl. 5. Fasting expiation. 6. The situation of the person who is surrounded in ʿUmrah. 7. The time of slaughter of the imposition sacrifice. 8. The stand in the Muzdalifah. 9. The expression in the animal slaughter section. Under the second title, the errors in the transactions were examined. These topics include the following subheadings: 1. Muta marriage. 2. The issue of witnessing breastfeeding. 3. Returning the found property to its owner. 4. The question of testimony upon testimony. 5. The view attributed to Ḥanafī imāms in the testament section. Under the third title, some errors are detected in the ḥadīths that Marghīnānī mentions. Under this title are the following sub-titles: 1. Evaluation of the ḥadīth mentioned in the adhan and imamate. 2. Incorrect name of Abu Dujanah, was mentioned in the funeral prayer. 4. The ḥadīth about the morning prayer in Muzdalifah. 5. The ḥadīth about performing Ḥajj on behalf of someone else. 6. The ḥadīth that is mentioned about the expiation of ẓihār. 7. The ḥadīth mentioned in the section on various issues in the shopping section. 9. The name in the ḥadīth in the will section. In this research, in which some errors in al-Hidāyah are tried to be determined through the commentaries, the text of al-Hidāyah, the commentaries written on it, the critique studies, and other sources related to the mentioned issues examined. First of all, after the expressions in the text were mentioned, it was determined how these expressions were used in other sources, and then the evaluations on the text were conveyed. As a result of the research, it has been seen that the views of al-Imām Mālik and imām al-Shāfiʿī are given a lot of places while the views of the Ḥanafī sect are discussed in al-Hidāyah. The information provided by Marghīnānī about the views of these imāms is generally in accordance with their sectarian sources. However, it has been determined that information is given on some issues, contrary to their opinion or the preferred opinion within the sect. It is also possible that the views of Ḥanafī imāms were confused with the similar views of other madhhab imāms. However, it has also been seen that the disagreement between the imāms of the Ḥanafī school is transmitted like the disagreement between the Ḥanafīs and other imāms. In addition, it can be stated that there are some errors in the ḥadīth mentioned in the work. There are some reasons why Marghīnānī gave incorrect or incomplete information. First of all, it can be claimed that this erroneous information was written by Marghīnānī inadvertently or that it was a copyist error. In addition, it is possible that one of the two views attributed to the imāms was preferred or that non-authentic narrations were used. The fact that difference in terminology between the sects and that some words were used outside of the linguistic meaning can be mentioned among these reasons.

 el-Hidâye meşhur Hanefî âlimi Burhâneddîn Merginânî tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Hanefî mezhebinin en meşhur ve muteber metinlerinden biridir. Müteahhirîn devri Hanefî hukukçularının en çok rağbet ettiği eserlerdendir. Hanefî medreselerinde yıllarca ders kitabı olarak okutulmuştur. Günümüze kadar da bu şöhretini muhafaza etmiştir. Bu eser Hanefî mezhebinin önde gelen âlimleri tarafından şerh edilmiştir. el-Hidâye, Merginânînin ilmî kudreti ve yetkinliği, konuları bir bütün halinde ele alması ve üslûbunun güzelliği sebebiyle çok tutulan ve son derece güvenilir bir eser olmuştur. Esasen önceki Hanefî âlimlerinin fıkıh sistematiğine bağlı kalmakla birlikte eserde farklı düzenlemelerin yapıldığı da görülmüştür. Müellifin diğer hukukçulardan farklı görüşlere sahip olduğu da dikkatlerden kaçmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte eserde bazı hatalı bilgilerin yer aldığı görülmektedir. Bu ifadelerin Merginânî tarafından yapılmış eksik ve hatalı bilgi aktarımı olmasının yanında sehven yazılmış olması ihtimali de söz konusudur. Bu araştırmada el-Hidâyede yer alan hatalı bilgilerin şârihler tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği hususunda bilgi verilecektir. Konuyu üç başlık altında incelemeye çalıştık. Birinci başlık altında ibadet konularında yer alan hatalar tespit edilmiştir. Bu konular içerisinde şu alt başlıklar yer almaktadır: 1. Cuma günü alınan guslün hükmü. 2. Göbeğin avret sayılması konusu. 3. Kâbede namaz. 4. Zevâl vaktinden sonra nafile oruca niyet etmek. 5. Oruç kefâreti. 6. Umrede muhsar olan kişinin durumu. 7. Ceza kurbanının kesim zamanı. 8. Müzdelife vakfesinin hükmü. 9. Hayvan kesimi bölümünde geçen ifade. İkinci başlık altında muâmelât konularında yer alan hatalar incelenmiştir. Bu konular içerisinde şu alt başlıklar yer almaktadır: 1. Müta nikâhı. 2. Süt emzirmede şahitlik meselesi. 3. Buluntu malın sahibine iade edilmesi. 4. Şahitlik üzerine şahitlik meselesi. 5. Vasiyet bölümünde Hanefî imamlara nispet edilen görüş. Üçüncü başlık altında ise Merginânînin zikrettiği hadislerde tespit edilen bazı hatalar yer almaktadır. Bu başlık altında ise şu alt başlıklar yer almaktadır: 1. Ezan ve imamet bahsinde geçen hadisin değerlendirilmesi. 2. Cenaze namazı konusunda zikri geçen Ebû Dücâne isminin hatalı oluşu. 4. Müzdelifede kılınan sabah namazı konusunda zikredilen hadis. 5. Başkasının yerine hac yapmak konusunda zikredilen hadis. 6. Zihâr kefâreti konusunda zikredilen hadis. 7. Alışveriş bölümünde çeşitli meseleler kısmında zikredilen hadis. 9. Vasiyet bölümünde geçen hadisteki isim. el-Hidâyedeki bazı hataların şerhler üzerinden tespit edilmeye çalışıldığı bu araştırmada konu ele alınırken el-Hidâye metni, üzerine yazılan şerhler, tahric çalışmaları ve zikri geçen konularla alakalı diğer kaynaklar incelenmiştir. Öncelikle metinde yer alan ifadeler zikredildikten sonra bu ifadelerin diğer kaynaklarda nasıl geçtiği tespit edilmiş, ardından metin üzerine yapılan değerlendirmeler aktarılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde el-Hidâyede Hanefî mezhebinin görüşleri ele alınırken İmam Mâlik ve İmam Şâfiînin görüşlerine çokça yer verildiği görülmüştür. Merginânînin bu imamların görüşlerine dair vermiş olduğu bilgiler genellikle onların mezhep kaynaklarına uygun düşmektedir. Fakat bazı konularda iki imamın görüşü veya mezhep içinde tercih edilen görüşün aksine bilgiler verildiği de tespit edilmiştir. Hanefî imamlarının görüşleri ile diğer mezhep imamlarının benzer görüşlerini birbirine karıştırmış olma ihtimali de söz konusudur. Bununla birlikte Hanefî mezhebinin imamları arasındaki ihtilafın, Hanefîlerle diğer imamlar arasındaki ihtilaf gibi nakledildiği de görülmüştür. Ayrıca eserde zikredilen hadislerde de bazı hataların olduğu vakidir. Öte yandan Mergînânînin hatalı veya eksik bilgi vermesinin bazı sebepleri bulunmaktadır. Öncelikle bu hatalı bilgilerin Merginânî tarafından sehven yazıldığı veya müstensih hatası olduğu iddia edilebilir. Bunun yanında imamların görüşleri zikredilirken onlara nispet edilen iki görüşten birinin tercih edilmiş olması veya sahih olmayan rivayetlerin kullanılması ihtimali söz konusudur. Mezhepler arasındaki ıstılah farklılığı ve bazı lafızların kullanımında lügat anlamın dışına çıkılması bu sebepler arasında zikredilebilir.

 al-Hidāyah was written by the famous Ḥanafī scholar Burhān al-Dīn al-Marghīnānī. It is one of the most famous and respected texts of the Ḥanafī school. The period of Mutaakhirīn is one of the most popular works of Ḥanafī jurists. It has been used as a textbook in Ḥanafī madrasas for years. It has maintained its reputation to this day. Prominent scholars of the Ḥanafī sect have annotated this work. al-Hidāyah has become a popular and highly reliable work due to Marghīnānī s scientific power and competence, his handling of the subjects as a whole, and the beauty of his style. In fact, it has been observed that different arrangements have been made in the work, although it adhered to the fiqh systematics of the previous Ḥanafī scholars. It is also notable that the author has different views from other lawyers. However, it is seen that there is some erroneous information in the work. It is possible that these statements were written inadvertently and were incomplete and inaccurate information transfer made by Marghīnānī. In this research, information will be given about how the commentators evaluate the incorrect information in al-Hidāyah. We tried to examine the subject under three headings. Under the first title, errors in worship issues have been identified. These topics include the following sub-headings: 1. The ruling of the ghusl on Friday. 2. The issue of counting the belly as awrah. 3. Prayer at the Kaʿbah. 4. To intend to fast after the time of zawāl. 5. Fasting expiation. 6. The situation of the person who is surrounded in ʿUmrah. 7. The time of slaughter of the imposition sacrifice. 8. The stand in the Muzdalifah. 9. The expression in the animal slaughter section. Under the second title, the errors in the transactions were examined. These topics include the following subheadings: 1. Muta marriage. 2. The issue of witnessing breastfeeding. 3. Returning the found property to its owner. 4. The question of testimony upon testimony. 5. The view attributed to Ḥanafī imāms in the testament section. Under the third title, some errors are detected in the ḥadīths that Marghīnānī mentions. Under this title are the following sub-titles: 1. Evaluation of the ḥadīth mentioned in the adhan and imamate. 2. Incorrect name of Abu Dujanah, was mentioned in the funeral prayer. 4. The ḥadīth about the morning prayer in Muzdalifah. 5. The ḥadīth about performing Ḥajj on behalf of someone else. 6. The ḥadīth that is mentioned about the expiation of ẓihār. 7. The ḥadīth mentioned in the section on various issues in the shopping section. 9. The name in the ḥadīth in the will section. In this research, in which some errors in al-Hidāyah are tried to be determined through the commentaries, the text of al-Hidāyah, the commentaries written on it, the critique studies, and other sources related to the mentioned issues examined. First of all, after the expressions in the text were mentioned, it was determined how these expressions were used in other sources, and then the evaluations on the text were conveyed. As a result of the research, it has been seen that the views of al-Imām Mālik and imām al-Shāfiʿī are given a lot of places while the views of the Ḥanafī sect are discussed in al-Hidāyah. The information provided by Marghīnānī about the views of these imāms is generally in accordance with their sectarian sources. However, it has been determined that information is given on some issues, contrary to their opinion or the preferred opinion within the sect. It is also possible that the views of Ḥanafī imāms were confused with the similar views of other madhhab imāms. However, it has also been seen that the disagreement between the imāms of the Ḥanafī school is transmitted like the disagreement between the Ḥanafīs and other imāms. In addition, it can be stated that there are some errors in the ḥadīth mentioned in the work. There are some reasons why Marghīnānī gave incorrect or incomplete information. First of all, it can be claimed that this erroneous information was written by Marghīnānī inadvertently or that it was a copyist error. In addition, it is possible that one of the two views attributed to the imāms was preferred or that non-authentic narrations were used. The fact that difference in terminology between the sects and that some words were used outside of the linguistic meaning can be mentioned among these reasons.

 al-Hidāyah was written by the famous Ḥanafī scholar Burhān al-Dīn al-Marghīnānī. It is one of the most famous and respected texts of the Ḥanafī school. The period of Mutaakhirīn is one of the most popular works of Ḥanafī jurists. It has been used as a textbook in Ḥanafī madrasas for years. It has maintained its reputation to this day. Prominent scholars of the Ḥanafī sect have annotated this work. al-Hidāyah has become a popular and highly reliable work due to Marghīnānī s scientific power and competence, his handling of the subjects as a whole, and the beauty of his style. In fact, it has been observed that different arrangements have been made in the work, although it adhered to the fiqh systematics of the previous Ḥanafī scholars. It is also notable that the author has different views from other lawyers. However, it is seen that there is some erroneous information in the work. It is possible that these statements were written inadvertently and were incomplete and inaccurate information transfer made by Marghīnānī. In this research, information will be given about how the commentators evaluate the incorrect information in al-Hidāyah. We tried to examine the subject under three headings. Under the first title, errors in worship issues have been identified. These topics include the following sub-headings: 1. The ruling of the ghusl on Friday. 2. The issue of counting the belly as awrah. 3. Prayer at the Kaʿbah. 4. To intend to fast after the time of zawāl. 5. Fasting expiation. 6. The situation of the person who is surrounded in ʿUmrah. 7. The time of slaughter of the imposition sacrifice. 8. The stand in the Muzdalifah. 9. The expression in the animal slaughter section. Under the second title, the errors in the transactions were examined. These topics include the following subheadings: 1. Muta marriage. 2. The issue of witnessing breastfeeding. 3. Returning the found property to its owner. 4. The question of testimony upon testimony. 5. The view attributed to Ḥanafī imāms in the testament section. Under the third title, some errors are detected in the ḥadīths that Marghīnānī mentions. Under this title are the following sub-titles: 1. Evaluation of the ḥadīth mentioned in the adhan and imamate. 2. Incorrect name of Abu Dujanah, was mentioned in the funeral prayer. 4. The ḥadīth about the morning prayer in Muzdalifah. 5. The ḥadīth about performing Ḥajj on behalf of someone else. 6. The ḥadīth that is mentioned about the expiation of ẓihār. 7. The ḥadīth mentioned in the section on various issues in the shopping section. 9. The name in the ḥadīth in the will section. In this research, in which some errors in al-Hidāyah are tried to be determined through the commentaries, the text of al-Hidāyah, the commentaries written on it, the critique studies, and other sources related to the mentioned issues examined. First of all, after the expressions in the text were mentioned, it was determined how these expressions were used in other sources, and then the evaluations on the text were conveyed. As a result of the research, it has been seen that the views of al-Imām Mālik and imām al-Shāfiʿī are given a lot of places while the views of the Ḥanafī sect are discussed in al-Hidāyah. The information provided by Marghīnānī about the views of these imāms is generally in accordance with their sectarian sources. However, it has been determined that information is given on some issues, contrary to their opinion or the preferred opinion within the sect. It is also possible that the views of Ḥanafī imāms were confused with the similar views of other madhhab imāms. However, it has also been seen that the disagreement between the imāms of the Ḥanafī school is transmitted like the disagreement between the Ḥanafīs and other imāms. In addition, it can be stated that there are some errors in the ḥadīth mentioned in the work. There are some reasons why Marghīnānī gave incorrect or incomplete information. First of all, it can be claimed that this erroneous information was written by Marghīnānī inadvertently or that it was a copyist error. In addition, it is possible that one of the two views attributed to the imāms was preferred or that non-authentic narrations were used. The fact that difference in terminology between the sects and that some words were used outside of the linguistic meaning can be mentioned among these reasons.

Makale detayları

Detection of Some Mistakes in al-Hidāyah Through Commentaries

Yazarlar:

Hamza Arslan

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.195-220

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294708

pISSN:

2717-610X

Ḥanafī Sect

al-Hidāyah

Marghīnānī

Commentary

ErrorHanefî Mezhebî

el-Hidâye

Merginânî

Şerh

Hata

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hamza Arslan

Yayıncı: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.195-220

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001294708

pISSN: 2717-610X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hamza Arslan

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 1, pp.195-220

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294708

pISSN:

2717-610X