A Source of Legitimacy of Persian Nationalism: Emphasis on The Ancient Past

Mehmet Kısak

Makale detayları

A Source of Legitimacy of Persian Nationalism: Emphasis on The Ancient Past

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Kısak

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 34, pp.355-372

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285137

pISSN:

2147-2610

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, the effort of Reza Shah Pahlavi to legitimize Persian nationalism is discussed. The time span of the study is limited to the period when Reza Shah was in power. Reza Shah, who was in power in the first quarter of the twentieth century, sought to establish a link between the past and the future by referring to history to provide a legitimate basis for the understanding of nationalism he adopted. So much so that he adopted the understanding of Persian Nationalism by keeping the Persian identity in the foreground, and within the framework of this understanding, he often emphasized the pre-Islamic history of Iran. These activities carried out by Rıza Shah are revealed by examining archival documents, periodicals and various research works. Based on the sources examined, it was seen that Rıza Shah made many attempts to form a basis for the idea of nationalism put forward. In this context, it has been determined that the Shah used symbols of the Sassanid and Achaemenid rulers of Irans ancient past in the coronation ceremony. Along with this, Reza Shah took the surname Pahlavi, which he gave to the dynasty he founded. It has been determined that this name is a factor that provides the legitimacy of the new nation-state he founded on Persian nationalism. Another emphasis on ancient Iran was through Ferdowsi and his work Shahname. A mausoleum was built in the name of Ferdowsi, a symbolic name of Persian nationalism, and a congress with participants from different countries was held in his name. It has been seen that the mausoleum built and the activities carried out during the opening of this monument are an important factor that gives legitimacy to the understanding of Persian nationalism.

 In this study, the effort of Reza Shah Pahlavi to legitimize Persian nationalism is discussed. The time span of the study is limited to the period when Reza Shah was in power. Reza Shah, who was in power in the first quarter of the twentieth century, sought to establish a link between the past and the future by referring to history to provide a legitimate basis for the understanding of nationalism he adopted. So much so that he adopted the understanding of Persian Nationalism by keeping the Persian identity in the foreground, and within the framework of this understanding, he often emphasized the pre-Islamic history of Iran. These activities carried out by Rıza Shah are revealed by examining archival documents, periodicals and various research works. Based on the sources examined, it was seen that Rıza Shah made many attempts to form a basis for the idea of nationalism put forward. In this context, it has been determined that the Shah used symbols of the Sassanid and Achaemenid rulers of Irans ancient past in the coronation ceremony. Along with this, Reza Shah took the surname Pahlavi, which he gave to the dynasty he founded. It has been determined that this name is a factor that provides the legitimacy of the new nation-state he founded on Persian nationalism. Another emphasis on ancient Iran was through Ferdowsi and his work Shahname. A mausoleum was built in the name of Ferdowsi, a symbolic name of Persian nationalism, and a congress with participants from different countries was held in his name. It has been seen that the mausoleum built and the activities carried out during the opening of this monument are an important factor that gives legitimacy to the understanding of Persian nationalism.

 In this study, the effort of Reza Shah Pahlavi to legitimize Persian nationalism is discussed. The time span of the study is limited to the period when Reza Shah was in power. Reza Shah, who was in power in the first quarter of the twentieth century, sought to establish a link between the past and the future by referring to history to provide a legitimate basis for the understanding of nationalism he adopted. So much so that he adopted the understanding of Persian Nationalism by keeping the Persian identity in the foreground, and within the framework of this understanding, he often emphasized the pre-Islamic history of Iran. These activities carried out by Rıza Shah are revealed by examining archival documents, periodicals and various research works. Based on the sources examined, it was seen that Rıza Shah made many attempts to form a basis for the idea of nationalism put forward. In this context, it has been determined that the Shah used symbols of the Sassanid and Achaemenid rulers of Irans ancient past in the coronation ceremony. Along with this, Reza Shah took the surname Pahlavi, which he gave to the dynasty he founded. It has been determined that this name is a factor that provides the legitimacy of the new nation-state he founded on Persian nationalism. Another emphasis on ancient Iran was through Ferdowsi and his work Shahname. A mausoleum was built in the name of Ferdowsi, a symbolic name of Persian nationalism, and a congress with participants from different countries was held in his name. It has been seen that the mausoleum built and the activities carried out during the opening of this monument are an important factor that gives legitimacy to the understanding of Persian nationalism.

 Bu çalışmada Rıza Şah Pehlevinin Fars milliyetçilik anlayışına meşruiyet kazandırma çabası ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın zaman aralığı Rıza Şahın iktidar olduğu dönemle sınırlandırılmıştır. Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde iktidarda olan Rıza Şah, benimsediği milliyetçilik anlayışına meşru bir zemin sağlamak için tarihe başvurarak geçmiş ile gelecek arasında bir bağ kurma amacı gütmüştür. Öyle ki o, Fars kimliğini ön planda tutarak Fars Milliyetçiliği anlayışını benimsemiş ve bu anlayış çerçevesinde İranın İslam öncesi tarihine sık sık vurgu yapmıştır. Rıza Şahın gerçekleştirmiş olduğu bu faaliyetler arşiv belgeleri, süreli yayınlar ve muhtelif araştırma eserleri incelenerek ortaya konulmuştur. İncelenen kaynaklardan hareketle Rıza Şahın öne sürdüğü milliyetçilik düşüncesine dayanak oluşturacak birçok girişimde bulunduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda Şahın taç merasiminde İranın kadim geçmişindeki Sasani ve Ahameniş hükümdarlarına ait semboller kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Rıza Şah bununla birlikte kurduğu hanedana vermiş olduğu Pehlevi soyadını almıştır. Bu ismin onun Fars milliyetçiliği üzerine kurduğu yeni ulus-devletin meşruiyetini sağlayan bir etken olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kadim İrana dair yapılan diğer bir vurgu da Firdevsi ve onun eseri Şahname üzerinden olmuştur. Fars milliyetçiliğinin simgesel bir ismi olan Firdevsi adına bir anıtmezar yapılmış ve onun adına farklı ülkelerden katılımcıların olduğu bir kongre düzenlenmiştir. Yapılan anıtmezar ve bu anıtın açılışı esnasında gerçekleştirilen faaliyetlerin Fars milliyetçilik anlayışına meşruiyet kazandıran önemli bir etken olduğu görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

A Source of Legitimacy of Persian Nationalism: Emphasis on The Ancient Past

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Kısak

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 34, pp.355-372

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285137

pISSN:

2147-2610

Iran

Reza Shah Pahlavi

Nation-State

Persian Nationalism

Ancient Past

Ferdowsi

Shahnameh

İran

Rıza Şah Pehlevi

Ulus-Devlet

Fars Milliyetçiliği

Kadim Geçmiş

Firdevsi

Şehname.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Kısak

Yayıncı: Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Dergi: Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 34, pp.355-372

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 2/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001285137

pISSN: 2147-2610

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Kısak

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 34, pp.355-372

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285137

pISSN:

2147-2610