Sky Forms in Islamic Domes (Composition of Different Star Shapes in Geometric Ornament)

Alper Altın

Makale detayları

Sky Forms in Islamic Domes (Composition of Different Star Shapes in Geometric Ornament)

Yazarlar:

Alper Altın

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi | Teori ve Eleştiri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.149-178

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333817

pISSN:

2458-908X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The dome, which is an architectural shell system, has been used in many religious and social and commercial structures from the time it emerged with its hemispherical construct to the present day. Domes, which are likened to the sky due to their curved surface, have formal and structural beauties as well as functional beauty. This shell system was applied for the first time in Islamic architecture in the Umayyad period. However, the prevalence of the dome in Islamic structures took place especially in the later periods, and it became the exclusive shell system of religious buildings. Although the domes do not need a separate decoration due to their formal beauty, their interior or exterior surface are decorated in various techniques and styles, giving them a more magnificent appearance. Geometric decoration, which is encountered in almost every area with its unique style in Islamic works, has also been performed on the surfaces of the domes. Various designs have been tried on the domes, from simple geometric patterns to detailed patterns. In this designs, detailed compositions in which star varieties with different point numbers are used together draw attention. In these designs, a large number of star shapes are given in a geometric pattern, just like stars in the celestial dome. The designs in which more than one different star was used together were studied within the scope of the subject and the decorations of domes were examined. In Islamic architecture, different derivative star forms in dome decorations are found in 33 examples in 27 different structures. Geographically, it is seen in various regions from India to Egypt, from Iran to Anatolia, from Spain to North Africa. The selected examples were tried to be introduced by making drawings. and star-shaped geometric decorations were evaluated within Islamic Architecture.

 The dome, which is an architectural shell system, has been used in many religious and social and commercial structures from the time it emerged with its hemispherical construct to the present day. Domes, which are likened to the sky due to their curved surface, have formal and structural beauties as well as functional beauty. This shell system was applied for the first time in Islamic architecture in the Umayyad period. However, the prevalence of the dome in Islamic structures took place especially in the later periods, and it became the exclusive shell system of religious buildings. Although the domes do not need a separate decoration due to their formal beauty, their interior or exterior surface are decorated in various techniques and styles, giving them a more magnificent appearance. Geometric decoration, which is encountered in almost every area with its unique style in Islamic works, has also been performed on the surfaces of the domes. Various designs have been tried on the domes, from simple geometric patterns to detailed patterns. In this designs, detailed compositions in which star varieties with different point numbers are used together draw attention. In these designs, a large number of star shapes are given in a geometric pattern, just like stars in the celestial dome. The designs in which more than one different star was used together were studied within the scope of the subject and the decorations of domes were examined. In Islamic architecture, different derivative star forms in dome decorations are found in 33 examples in 27 different structures. Geographically, it is seen in various regions from India to Egypt, from Iran to Anatolia, from Spain to North Africa. The selected examples were tried to be introduced by making drawings. and star-shaped geometric decorations were evaluated within Islamic Architecture.

 The dome, which is an architectural shell system, has been used in many religious and social and commercial structures from the time it emerged with its hemispherical construct to the present day. Domes, which are likened to the sky due to their curved surface, have formal and structural beauties as well as functional beauty. This shell system was applied for the first time in Islamic architecture in the Umayyad period. However, the prevalence of the dome in Islamic structures took place especially in the later periods, and it became the exclusive shell system of religious buildings. Although the domes do not need a separate decoration due to their formal beauty, their interior or exterior surface are decorated in various techniques and styles, giving them a more magnificent appearance. Geometric decoration, which is encountered in almost every area with its unique style in Islamic works, has also been performed on the surfaces of the domes. Various designs have been tried on the domes, from simple geometric patterns to detailed patterns. In this designs, detailed compositions in which star varieties with different point numbers are used together draw attention. In these designs, a large number of star shapes are given in a geometric pattern, just like stars in the celestial dome. The designs in which more than one different star was used together were studied within the scope of the subject and the decorations of domes were examined. In Islamic architecture, different derivative star forms in dome decorations are found in 33 examples in 27 different structures. Geographically, it is seen in various regions from India to Egypt, from Iran to Anatolia, from Spain to North Africa. The selected examples were tried to be introduced by making drawings. and star-shaped geometric decorations were evaluated within Islamic Architecture.

 Mimari örtü sistemi olan kubbe, yarım küre yapısı ile ortaya çıktığı zamandan günümüze kadar dini, sosyal ve ticari pek çok yapıda kullanılmıştır. Kavisli yüzeyinden ötürü göğe benzetilen kubbeler, biçimsel ve strüktürel güzelliklerinin yanı sıra işlevsel güzelliğe de sahiptir. İslam mimarisinde ilk kez Emevi döneminde bu örtü sistemi denenmiştir. Ancak kubbenin İslam yapılarında yaygınlık kazanması bilhassa sonraki dönemlerde gerçekleşmiştir. Özellikle dini yapıların seçkin örtüsü haline gelmiştir. Her ne kadar kubbeler biçimsel güzelliklerinden ötürü ayrı bir bezemeye ihtiyaç duymasalar da iç veya dış kısımları çeşitli teknik ve üsluplarda süslenerek daha ihtişamlı görünüşe kavuşturulmuşlardır. İslam eserlerinde kendine has usulü ile hemen hemen her alanda karşımıza çıkan geometrik süsleme kubbe yüzeylerinde de uygulanmıştır. Kubbelerde yalın geometrik örgülerden detaylı örgülere çok çeşitli tasarımlar denenmiştir. Bu tasarımlardan farklı kol sayısına sahip yıldız çeşitlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı kapsamlı kompozisyonlar dikkat çekmektedir. Söz konusu tasarımlarda tıpkı gök kubbedeki yıldızlar gibi çok sayıda yıldız şekilleri geometrik örgü içerisinde verilmiştir. Birden fazla farklı yıldızın bir arada kullanıldığı tasarımlar konu kapsamında çalışılmış ve kubbelerin süslemeleri incelenmiştir. İslam mimarisinde kubbe bezemelerinde farklı türevli yıldız formları 27 ayrı yapıda 33 örnekte rastlanılmaktadır. Coğrafya olarak Hindistandan Mısıra İrandan Anadoluya İspanyadan Kuzey Afrikaya birbirinden çeşitli bölgelerde görülmektedir. Seçilen örneklerin çizimleri yapılarak tanıtılması amaçlanmış ve yıldız formlu geometrik süslemeler değerlendirilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Sky Forms in Islamic Domes (Composition of Different Star Shapes in Geometric Ornament)

Yazarlar:

Alper Altın

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi | Teori ve Eleştiri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.149-178

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333817

pISSN:

2458-908X

Islamic Architecture

Islamic Art

Geometric Ornament

Dome

Multi Point Starİslam Mimarisi

İslam Sanatı

Geometrik Süsleme

Kubbe

Çok Kollu Yıldız

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Alper Altın

Yayıncı: Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar: Sanat Tarihi | Teori ve Eleştiri (Diğer)

Dergi: Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.149-178

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333817

pISSN: 2458-908X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Alper Altın

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sanat Tarihi | Teori ve Eleştiri (Diğer)

Dergi:

Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.149-178

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333817

pISSN:

2458-908X