Ibn al-Arabi According to Early Biographers and Commentators: A Study Based On the Concept of Khatmıyah

Ali İhsan Kılıç

Makale detayları

Ibn al-Arabi According to Early Biographers and Commentators: A Study Based On the Concept of Khatmıyah

Yazarlar:

Ali İhsan Kılıç

Yayıncı:

Kocaeli University

Dergi:

Kocaeli İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 1, pp.1-30

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292496

pISSN:

2564-677X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Identifying the turning points of a science in the historical process is not limited to the activities specific to modern period research. It is known that several traditions differentiate their historical processes over certain qualifications. As far as the history of sufism is concerned, such a distinction has been made through Ibn al-Arabi. Some of the qualifications for him were attributed to him by himself, and some were attributed to him by the later tradition. In this sense, the most prominent of the qualifications aimed at positioning Ibn al-Arabi in the historical sense is that he is referred to as al-Sheikh al-Akbar. In return for that the meaning of this usage in Sufi circles, the opposite characterizations produced by Ibn al-Arabis opponents seem to have triggered various polemics. Therefore, it should be clarified what kind of equivalent the expression al-Sheikh al-Akbar, which is the subject of polemical literature and also feeds relatively popular interests, has in the corpus of Ibn al-Arabi. In this context, how he presents himself to history expects to be considered as a significant issue. This issue requires first of all to be examined in their own works. In addition to this, in what ways he was known in his own age; what kind of a portrait of Ibn al-Arabi were drawn by the circle of disciples formed around him and his followers, who were the first to write on his works, constitute another dimension of the issue. In order to clarify all these, in this study, it is accepted that the issue of sail of sainthood khatm al-walayah, which was first mentioned by al-Hakim et-Tirmidhi in the literature, will present an appropriate discussion framework. After Hakim al-Tirmidhi, in what kind of context the issue, which was brought to the agenda with Ibn al-Arabi, was interpreted in his own works, and the ways in which the claims to determine the identity of the seal of the saints khatam al-awliya were handled in different works were examined. Afterwards, it was discussed whether the subject in question was known by historians and biographers who met with Ibn al-Arabi personally, and which features they emphasized in their works. Finally, starting from Ibn al-Arabis close circle, it has been tried to reveal where the sufi authors who tried to explain his works with commentary sharh and annotetions taliqah type works placed him.

 Identifying the turning points of a science in the historical process is not limited to the activities specific to modern period research. It is known that several traditions differentiate their historical processes over certain qualifications. As far as the history of sufism is concerned, such a distinction has been made through Ibn al-Arabi. Some of the qualifications for him were attributed to him by himself, and some were attributed to him by the later tradition. In this sense, the most prominent of the qualifications aimed at positioning Ibn al-Arabi in the historical sense is that he is referred to as al-Sheikh al-Akbar. In return for that the meaning of this usage in Sufi circles, the opposite characterizations produced by Ibn al-Arabis opponents seem to have triggered various polemics. Therefore, it should be clarified what kind of equivalent the expression al-Sheikh al-Akbar, which is the subject of polemical literature and also feeds relatively popular interests, has in the corpus of Ibn al-Arabi. In this context, how he presents himself to history expects to be considered as a significant issue. This issue requires first of all to be examined in their own works. In addition to this, in what ways he was known in his own age; what kind of a portrait of Ibn al-Arabi were drawn by the circle of disciples formed around him and his followers, who were the first to write on his works, constitute another dimension of the issue. In order to clarify all these, in this study, it is accepted that the issue of sail of sainthood khatm al-walayah, which was first mentioned by al-Hakim et-Tirmidhi in the literature, will present an appropriate discussion framework. After Hakim al-Tirmidhi, in what kind of context the issue, which was brought to the agenda with Ibn al-Arabi, was interpreted in his own works, and the ways in which the claims to determine the identity of the seal of the saints khatam al-awliya were handled in different works were examined. Afterwards, it was discussed whether the subject in question was known by historians and biographers who met with Ibn al-Arabi personally, and which features they emphasized in their works. Finally, starting from Ibn al-Arabis close circle, it has been tried to reveal where the sufi authors who tried to explain his works with commentary sharh and annotetions taliqah type works placed him.

 Identifying the turning points of a science in the historical process is not limited to the activities specific to modern period research. It is known that several traditions differentiate their historical processes over certain qualifications. As far as the history of sufism is concerned, such a distinction has been made through Ibn al-Arabi. Some of the qualifications for him were attributed to him by himself, and some were attributed to him by the later tradition. In this sense, the most prominent of the qualifications aimed at positioning Ibn al-Arabi in the historical sense is that he is referred to as al-Sheikh al-Akbar. In return for that the meaning of this usage in Sufi circles, the opposite characterizations produced by Ibn al-Arabis opponents seem to have triggered various polemics. Therefore, it should be clarified what kind of equivalent the expression al-Sheikh al-Akbar, which is the subject of polemical literature and also feeds relatively popular interests, has in the corpus of Ibn al-Arabi. In this context, how he presents himself to history expects to be considered as a significant issue. This issue requires first of all to be examined in their own works. In addition to this, in what ways he was known in his own age; what kind of a portrait of Ibn al-Arabi were drawn by the circle of disciples formed around him and his followers, who were the first to write on his works, constitute another dimension of the issue. In order to clarify all these, in this study, it is accepted that the issue of sail of sainthood khatm al-walayah, which was first mentioned by al-Hakim et-Tirmidhi in the literature, will present an appropriate discussion framework. After Hakim al-Tirmidhi, in what kind of context the issue, which was brought to the agenda with Ibn al-Arabi, was interpreted in his own works, and the ways in which the claims to determine the identity of the seal of the saints khatam al-awliya were handled in different works were examined. Afterwards, it was discussed whether the subject in question was known by historians and biographers who met with Ibn al-Arabi personally, and which features they emphasized in their works. Finally, starting from Ibn al-Arabis close circle, it has been tried to reveal where the sufi authors who tried to explain his works with commentary sharh and annotetions taliqah type works placed him.

 Tarihsel süreçte bir ilmin dönüm noktalarını belirlemek sadece modern dönem araştırmalarına özgü faaliyetlerden değildir. Farklı geleneklerin kendi tarihsel süreçlerini belirli nitelemeler üzerinden ayrıştırdıkları bilinmektedir. Tasavvuf tarihi söz konusu olduğunda İbnül-Arabî üzerinden böylesi bir ayrıma gidilmiştir. Ona yönelik nitelemelerin bir kısmı bizzat kendisi tarafından yapılmış diğer bir kısmı ise sonraki gelenek tarafından ona izafe edilmiştir. Bu anlamda İbnül-Arabîyi tarihsel yönden konumlandırmaya yönelik nitelemelerden en belirgini onun eş-Şeyhül-ekber lakabıyla anılmasıdır. Bu kullanımın sûfî çevreler içerisinde sahip olduğu anlama mukabil İbnül-Arabî muhaliflerince üretilen zıddı nitelemeler türlü polemikleri tetiklemiş gözükmektedir. Dolayısıyla polemik literatüre konu edilen ve nispeten popüler ilgileri de besleyen eş-Şeyhül-ekber ifadesinin İbnül-Arabî külliyatında ne türden bir karşılığının olduğu açıklığa kavuşturulmalıdır. Bu bağlamda onun kendisini tarihe nasıl sunduğu önemli bir mesele olarak ele alınmayı beklemektedir. Bu mesele, öncelikle kendi eserleri içerisinde incelenmeyi gerektirir. Bununla birlikte onun, kendi yaşadığı çağda hangi yönleriyle tanındığı; etrafında oluşan mürid halkasının ve eserleri üzerine ilk kalem oynatan takipçilerinin nasıl bir İbnül-Arabî portresi çizdikleri meselenin bir başka boyutunu oluşturmaktadır. Bütün bunları açıklığa kavuşturmak üzere bu çalışmada literatürde ilk defa Hakîm et-Tirmizî tarafından dile getirilmiş hatmül-velâye konusunun uygun bir tartışma çerçevesi sunacağı kabul edilmiştir. Hakîm et-Tirmizîden sonra İbnül-Arabî ile tekrar gündeme getirilen konunun kendi eserlerinde ne türden bir bağlam içerisinde yorumlandığı, hatmül-evliyânın kimliğini belirlemeye yönelik iddiaların farklı eserlerdeki işleniş biçimleri incelenmiştir. Akabinde söz konusu meselenin İbnül-Arabî ile bizzat görüşen tarihçi ve biyografi yazarları tarafından bilinip bilinmediği, onu eserlerine hangi özellikleri öne çıkarılarak kaydettikleri ele alınmıştır. Son olarak İbnül-Arabînin yakın çevresinden başlamak üzere onun teliflerini şerh ve talik türü eserlerle açıklamaya çalışan sûfî müelliflerin onu nereye konumlandırdıkları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Ibn al-Arabi According to Early Biographers and Commentators: A Study Based On the Concept of Khatmıyah

Yazarlar:

Ali İhsan Kılıç

Yayıncı:

Kocaeli University

Dergi:

Kocaeli İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 1, pp.1-30

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292496

pISSN:

2564-677X

Ibn al-Arabi

al-Sheikh al-Akbar

Prophethood

Sainthood

Seal of the saints.İbnü’l-Arabî

Şeyh-i Ekber

Nübüvvet

Velâyet

Hâtemü’l-evliyâ

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ali İhsan Kılıç

Yayıncı: Kocaeli University

Dergi: Kocaeli İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 1, pp.1-30

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001292496

pISSN: 2564-677X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ali İhsan Kılıç

Yayıncı:

Kocaeli University

Dergi:

Kocaeli İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.7 Issue 1, pp.1-30

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292496

pISSN:

2564-677X