The Course of the Emergence of Arab Nationalism

Tevfik Erdem; Hasan Bozkurt Çelik

Makale detayları

The Course of the Emergence of Arab Nationalism

Yazarlar:

Tevfik Erdem | Hasan Bozkurt Çelik

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.27 Issue 2, pp.487-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356274

pISSN:

2667-405X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This article aims to analyze the course of development of Arab nationalism in the historical process with its basic dynamics and to seek an answer to the question of how and for what reasons Arab nationalism emerged. In answering this question, it focuses on the impact of political and social developments during the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire on the emergence of Arab nationalism. Through a literature review and comparative historical analysis, it is also aimed to reveal that there are different Arab nationalisms as a result of the diversity of actors and goals in Arab national movements. The basic assumption of the study is that Arab nationalism emerged as a result of the so-called Arab Revolt 1916 led by Sharif Hussein, even though he did not directly aim for it. It is also clear that the Arab revolt, which was constructed on the basis of anti-Turkish and anti-Ottoman sentiments, was not based on a national justification, but was an uprising that started with the support and provocation of Britain in order to gain regional power, but as a latent result, it also inflamed national sentiments. The difference between regionalism and pan-Arabist policies and the difference between secular and religious interpretations gave rise to different Arab nationalisms. Apart from this, although the course of the emergence of nationhood and nationalism in the geographies where Arabs live densely, such as Beirut, Damascus and Baghdad, is too complex to be explained by a single variable, it can be said that intellectuals showing middle classization were as effective as other nationalisms in the formation of this nationalism.

 This article aims to analyze the course of development of Arab nationalism in the historical process with its basic dynamics and to seek an answer to the question of how and for what reasons Arab nationalism emerged. In answering this question, it focuses on the impact of political and social developments during the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire on the emergence of Arab nationalism. Through a literature review and comparative historical analysis, it is also aimed to reveal that there are different Arab nationalisms as a result of the diversity of actors and goals in Arab national movements. The basic assumption of the study is that Arab nationalism emerged as a result of the so-called Arab Revolt 1916 led by Sharif Hussein, even though he did not directly aim for it. It is also clear that the Arab revolt, which was constructed on the basis of anti-Turkish and anti-Ottoman sentiments, was not based on a national justification, but was an uprising that started with the support and provocation of Britain in order to gain regional power, but as a latent result, it also inflamed national sentiments. The difference between regionalism and pan-Arabist policies and the difference between secular and religious interpretations gave rise to different Arab nationalisms. Apart from this, although the course of the emergence of nationhood and nationalism in the geographies where Arabs live densely, such as Beirut, Damascus and Baghdad, is too complex to be explained by a single variable, it can be said that intellectuals showing middle classization were as effective as other nationalisms in the formation of this nationalism.

 This article aims to analyze the course of development of Arab nationalism in the historical process with its basic dynamics and to seek an answer to the question of how and for what reasons Arab nationalism emerged. In answering this question, it focuses on the impact of political and social developments during the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire on the emergence of Arab nationalism. Through a literature review and comparative historical analysis, it is also aimed to reveal that there are different Arab nationalisms as a result of the diversity of actors and goals in Arab national movements. The basic assumption of the study is that Arab nationalism emerged as a result of the so-called Arab Revolt 1916 led by Sharif Hussein, even though he did not directly aim for it. It is also clear that the Arab revolt, which was constructed on the basis of anti-Turkish and anti-Ottoman sentiments, was not based on a national justification, but was an uprising that started with the support and provocation of Britain in order to gain regional power, but as a latent result, it also inflamed national sentiments. The difference between regionalism and pan-Arabist policies and the difference between secular and religious interpretations gave rise to different Arab nationalisms. Apart from this, although the course of the emergence of nationhood and nationalism in the geographies where Arabs live densely, such as Beirut, Damascus and Baghdad, is too complex to be explained by a single variable, it can be said that intellectuals showing middle classization were as effective as other nationalisms in the formation of this nationalism.

 Bu makale, tarihsel süreçte Arap milliyetçiliğinin gelişim seyrini temel dinamikleriyle ele alıp, Arap milliyetçiliğinin nasıl ve hangi sebeplerden dolayı doğduğu sorusuna cevap aramayı hedeflemektedir. Bu soruya cevap verilirken, Osmanlı Devletinin dağılma sürecindeki siyasi ve sosyal gelişmelerin Arap milliyetçiliğinin ortaya çıkmasına yaptığı etkiye odaklanılmaktadır. Literatür taraması ve karşılaştırmalı tarihsel analiz yöntemi ile Arap milli hareketlerindeki aktör ve hedef çeşitliliğinin sonucu olarak farklı Arap milliyetçiliklerinin olduğu da ortaya konulmak istenmektedir. Çalışmanın temel varsayımı, Arap milliyetçiliğinin doğrudan bunu hedeflemese de Şerif Hüseyin öncülüğünde gerçekleşen Arap İsyanı 1916 olarak adlandırılan sürecin sonucu olarak ortaya çıktığıdır. Türk ve Osmanlı karşıtlığı üzerinden kurgulanan Arap isyanının milli bir gerekçeye dayanmaktan yok bölgesel güç elde etme amacıyla, İngilterenin desteği ve kışkırtması ile başlayan bir ayaklanma olduğu ancak gizil bir sonuç olarak milli duyguları kabarttığı da açıktır. Bölgecilik ile pan-Arabist politikalar arasındaki fark ve laik ile dini yorumlar arasındaki fark, farklı Arap milliyetçilikleri doğurmuştur. Bunun dışında, Arapların yoğun olarak yaşadığı coğrafyalardaki örneğin Beyrut, Şam, Bağdat gibi şehirlerde millet ve milliyetçiliğin ortaya çıkış seyri tek bir değişkenle açıklanamayacak kadar karmaşık olmakla birlikte orta sınıflaşmayı gösteren aydınların bu milliyetçiliğin oluşmasında diğer milliyetçilikler kadar etkili olduğu söylenebilir.

Makale detayları

The Course of the Emergence of Arab Nationalism

Yazarlar:

Tevfik Erdem | Hasan Bozkurt Çelik

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.27 Issue 2, pp.487-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356274

pISSN:

2667-405X

Arabism

Arab nationalism

Ottoman Empire

Arab revoltArapçılık

Arap milliyetçiliği

Osmanlı Devleti

Arap Ayaklanması

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Tevfik Erdem | Hasan Bozkurt Çelik

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)

Dergi: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.27 Issue 2, pp.487-510

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001356274

pISSN: 2667-405X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Tevfik Erdem | Hasan Bozkurt Çelik

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)

Dergi:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.27 Issue 2, pp.487-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356274

pISSN:

2667-405X