A Fiqh Study on the Purification of Income from Stock Share Investments

Mehmet Yuşa Özmen

Makale detayları

A Fiqh Study on the Purification of Income from Stock Share Investments

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Yuşa Özmen

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din | Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tevilat Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.179-215

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294716

pISSN:

2687-4849

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Individuals who own shares of companies traded on the stock exchange become partners of the companies they invest in. The situation also brings to light certain issues for shareholders in terms of their religious obligations, in addition to the advantages of receiving a share of the companys earnings as profit and the risks of being affected by the companys losses. One of the issues that has come up in this context is the possibility that the income from the company one has become a partner in may contain prohibited elements from a fiqh perspective. Especially the financial needs that arise as a result of market conditions, the need to protect savings against inflation, legal obligations, and similar factors can affect companies possession of income that is considered prohibited according to fiqh. In such cases, the issue of purifying prohibited income becomes even more important for investors. Since shareholders are partners in the companies they invest in, the companys income naturally becomes the income of the shareholders in proportion to their shares. From the perspective of Islamic law, it is a general rule that a Muslim individuals wealth should not include income that is considered prohibited from a fiqh perspective. However, as is the case in a partnership relationship, it is likely that prohibited income may arise as a result of the management of others or the imposition of certain conditions. It is generally accepted that if such income arises, it should be purified by allocating it to certain aspects. This article examines the reasons why prohibited income may arise in companies that one invests in, how it can be identified, what method investors can use to purify it, and which aspects the purification amount can be allocated to, aiming to provide a comprehensive fiqh perspective on the purification of shares.

 Individuals who own shares of companies traded on the stock exchange become partners of the companies they invest in. The situation also brings to light certain issues for shareholders in terms of their religious obligations, in addition to the advantages of receiving a share of the companys earnings as profit and the risks of being affected by the companys losses. One of the issues that has come up in this context is the possibility that the income from the company one has become a partner in may contain prohibited elements from a fiqh perspective. Especially the financial needs that arise as a result of market conditions, the need to protect savings against inflation, legal obligations, and similar factors can affect companies possession of income that is considered prohibited according to fiqh. In such cases, the issue of purifying prohibited income becomes even more important for investors. Since shareholders are partners in the companies they invest in, the companys income naturally becomes the income of the shareholders in proportion to their shares. From the perspective of Islamic law, it is a general rule that a Muslim individuals wealth should not include income that is considered prohibited from a fiqh perspective. However, as is the case in a partnership relationship, it is likely that prohibited income may arise as a result of the management of others or the imposition of certain conditions. It is generally accepted that if such income arises, it should be purified by allocating it to certain aspects. This article examines the reasons why prohibited income may arise in companies that one invests in, how it can be identified, what method investors can use to purify it, and which aspects the purification amount can be allocated to, aiming to provide a comprehensive fiqh perspective on the purification of shares.

 Individuals who own shares of companies traded on the stock exchange become partners of the companies they invest in. The situation also brings to light certain issues for shareholders in terms of their religious obligations, in addition to the advantages of receiving a share of the companys earnings as profit and the risks of being affected by the companys losses. One of the issues that has come up in this context is the possibility that the income from the company one has become a partner in may contain prohibited elements from a fiqh perspective. Especially the financial needs that arise as a result of market conditions, the need to protect savings against inflation, legal obligations, and similar factors can affect companies possession of income that is considered prohibited according to fiqh. In such cases, the issue of purifying prohibited income becomes even more important for investors. Since shareholders are partners in the companies they invest in, the companys income naturally becomes the income of the shareholders in proportion to their shares. From the perspective of Islamic law, it is a general rule that a Muslim individuals wealth should not include income that is considered prohibited from a fiqh perspective. However, as is the case in a partnership relationship, it is likely that prohibited income may arise as a result of the management of others or the imposition of certain conditions. It is generally accepted that if such income arises, it should be purified by allocating it to certain aspects. This article examines the reasons why prohibited income may arise in companies that one invests in, how it can be identified, what method investors can use to purify it, and which aspects the purification amount can be allocated to, aiming to provide a comprehensive fiqh perspective on the purification of shares.

 Çeşitli anonim şirketlere yatırım yaparak paylarına sahip olan kişiler hukuki açıdan yatırım yaptıkları şirketlerin ortağı konumuna gelmektedir. Bu durum pay sahiplerini ilgilendiren şirketin toplantılarına katılma, şirketin gelirleri üzerinde hak elde etme, zararlardan etkilenme gibi birtakım yasal hak ve yükümlülükleri gündeme getirdiği gibi ilgili kişilerin dini mükellefiyetleri açısından da bazı problemleri gün yüzüne çıkarmaktadır. Bu konuda gündeme gelen en önemli problemlerden biri yatırım yapılan anonim şirketin elde ettiği kazancın fıkhî açıdan mahzurlu özellikler barındırıyor olması durumunda bu kazancın yatırımcılar açısından ne şekilde değerlendirileceği hususudur. Özellikle piyasa şartları, rekabet dezavantajları, yasal zorunluluklar gibi durumların şirketlerin fıkhen mahzurlu sayılan birtakım gelirlere sahip olmasını kaçınılmaz kıldığı durumlarda yatırımcılar açısından bu sorun daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Bir şirkete yatırım yapan kişiler ilgili şirketin ortağı mesabesinde olduklarından şirketin geliri de doğal olarak hisseleri oranınca bu yatırımcıların geliri olmaktadır. İslam hukukunda ilke olarak bir Müslümanın malvarlığında fıkhen mahzurlu sayılan hiçbir gelirin bulunmaması genel kural olmakla birlikte bu gibi başkalarının süreç yönetiminden kaynaklı yahut belli şartların dayatması sebebiyle elde edilen gelir hakkında nasıl bir yöntem izleneceği hem klasik dini literatüre hem de modern çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Fıkıh doktrininde kişinin helal malları arasına herhangi bir şekilde haram malın karışmış olması durumunda bunu zilyetliğinden çıkarması gerektiği kabul edilir ve bu işlem bir şeyi elden çıkararak ondan kurtulmak anlamına gelen tahallusالتخلص tabiriyle ifade edilir. Modern çalışmalarda da pay senetlerinden elde edilen gelirler hakkında bu yaklaşım sürdürülerek bu işlem için genelde arındırma Ar. التطهير, İng. Purification ifadesi tercih edilmektedir. Bu makalede yatırım yapılan şirkete ait mahzurlu gelirlerin bulunması durumunda yatırımcının bunu arındırmak için nasıl bir yöntem takip etmesi gerektiği konusunda modern dönemdeki tartışmalar incelenmiş, klasik fıkıh doktrini açısından bu görüşlerin tutarlılığı tartışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

A Fiqh Study on the Purification of Income from Stock Share Investments

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Yuşa Özmen

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din | Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tevilat Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.179-215

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294716

pISSN:

2687-4849

Islamic Law

Stock Exchange

Shares

Participation Index

Purification

Company.pay senedi

arındırma

mahzurlu gellir

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Yuşa Özmen

Yayıncı: Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar: Din | Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları

Dergi: Tevilat Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.179-215

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001294716

pISSN: 2687-4849

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Yuşa Özmen

Yayıncı:

Selcuk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din | Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Tevilat Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.179-215

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294716

pISSN:

2687-4849