EVALUATION OF OECD COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, MORTALITY RATES AND HEALTH EXPENDITURES WITH CLUSTER ANALYSIS

Nazan Kartal

Makale detayları

EVALUATION OF OECD COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, MORTALITY RATES AND HEALTH EXPENDITURES WITH CLUSTER ANALYSIS

Yazarlar:

Nazan Kartal

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sağlık Politikası

Dergi:

Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.65-80

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344094

pISSN:

2148-9041

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The objective of this study is to apply cluster analysis to OECD countries in order to identify country groups with similar Human Development Index HDI, mortality and health expenditure profiles. In order to achieve the aforementioned aim, the research employed a correlation analysis and K-means clustering method to analyse a number of variables for 38 OECD Countries with 2020 data. These included the HDI, maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates, the share of total health expenditure and the share of public health expenditure. The results demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between HDI and total health expenditure, as well as public health expenditure. Additionally, a negative and strong relationship was observed between HDI and maternal, infant and child mortality rates. The cluster analysis yielded the following results: 13 countries were assigned to cluster 1, 3 to cluster 2, and 13 to cluster 3. Furthermore, it was observed that Colombia, Mexico and Turkey, which are situated within the same cluster, exhibited the lowest HDI and the lowest proportion allocated to health expenditures with the highest maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates. The results of this study demonstrate that health expenditure is a crucial factor in the progression of the HDI. It is thought that countries with a low HDI can enhance health outcomes by reducing mortality rates and increasing health expenditure.

 The objective of this study is to apply cluster analysis to OECD countries in order to identify country groups with similar Human Development Index HDI, mortality and health expenditure profiles. In order to achieve the aforementioned aim, the research employed a correlation analysis and K-means clustering method to analyse a number of variables for 38 OECD Countries with 2020 data. These included the HDI, maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates, the share of total health expenditure and the share of public health expenditure. The results demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between HDI and total health expenditure, as well as public health expenditure. Additionally, a negative and strong relationship was observed between HDI and maternal, infant and child mortality rates. The cluster analysis yielded the following results: 13 countries were assigned to cluster 1, 3 to cluster 2, and 13 to cluster 3. Furthermore, it was observed that Colombia, Mexico and Turkey, which are situated within the same cluster, exhibited the lowest HDI and the lowest proportion allocated to health expenditures with the highest maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates. The results of this study demonstrate that health expenditure is a crucial factor in the progression of the HDI. It is thought that countries with a low HDI can enhance health outcomes by reducing mortality rates and increasing health expenditure.

 The objective of this study is to apply cluster analysis to OECD countries in order to identify country groups with similar Human Development Index HDI, mortality and health expenditure profiles. In order to achieve the aforementioned aim, the research employed a correlation analysis and K-means clustering method to analyse a number of variables for 38 OECD Countries with 2020 data. These included the HDI, maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates, the share of total health expenditure and the share of public health expenditure. The results demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between HDI and total health expenditure, as well as public health expenditure. Additionally, a negative and strong relationship was observed between HDI and maternal, infant and child mortality rates. The cluster analysis yielded the following results: 13 countries were assigned to cluster 1, 3 to cluster 2, and 13 to cluster 3. Furthermore, it was observed that Colombia, Mexico and Turkey, which are situated within the same cluster, exhibited the lowest HDI and the lowest proportion allocated to health expenditures with the highest maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates. The results of this study demonstrate that health expenditure is a crucial factor in the progression of the HDI. It is thought that countries with a low HDI can enhance health outcomes by reducing mortality rates and increasing health expenditure.

 Bu çalışmanın amacı, OECD ülkelerine kümeleme analizi uygulayarak İnsani Gelişme Endeksi HDI, ölüm oranı ve sağlık harcamaları profilleri benzer olan ülke gruplarını belirlemektir. Araştırma kapsamında 38 OECD ülkesi için 2020 yılına ait verilerle HDI, anne, bebek ve beş yaş altı çocuk ölüm oranları, toplam sağlık harcaması payı ve kamu sağlık harcaması payı değişkenleri korelasyon analizi ve K-ortalamalar kümeleme yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. HDI ile toplam sağlık harcamaları ve kamu sağlık harcamaları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki; HDI ile anne, bebek ve çocuk ölüm oranları arasında ise negatif ve güçlü ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda küme 1de 13 ülke, küme 2de 3 ülke ve küme 3te 13 ülke olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aynı kümede yer alan Kolombiya, Meksika ve Türkiyenin en düşük HDI ve sağlık harcaması ile en yüksek anne, bebek ve beş yaş altı çocuk ölüm oranlarına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma sonuçları sağlık harcamalarının HDI gelişimine önemli bir katkısı olduğunu göstermiştir. HDI skoru düşük olan ülkelerin sağlık harcamalarını artırarak ve ölüm oranlarını azaltarak sağlık sonuçlarını iyileştirebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Makale detayları

EVALUATION OF OECD COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, MORTALITY RATES AND HEALTH EXPENDITURES WITH CLUSTER ANALYSIS

Yazarlar:

Nazan Kartal

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sağlık Politikası

Dergi:

Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.65-80

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344094

pISSN:

2148-9041

human development index

health expenditure

mortality

clustering

OECDİnsani Gelişme İndeksi

sağlık harcaması

mortalite

kümeleme

OECD

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nazan Kartal

Yayıncı: Hacettepe University

Ana Başlıklar: Sağlık Politikası

Dergi: Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.65-80

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001344094

pISSN: 2148-9041

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nazan Kartal

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sağlık Politikası

Dergi:

Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.65-80

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001344094

pISSN:

2148-9041