JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS, HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CONTEMPORARY THREATS

Abdullah Yolcu

Makale detayları

JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS, HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CONTEMPORARY THREATS

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Yolcu

Yayıncı:

Dicle University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk | Toplum ve Sosyo-Yasal Araştırma

Dergi:

Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 51, pp.733-762

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338572

pISSN:

1300-2929

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Today, all governments of countries with democratic governance express their belief in the rule of law. In almost all of these countries, the basic principles of judicial independence are highly guaranteed by international agreements or constitutional regulations. Since the independence of the judiciary is accepted as an indispensable element of democratic administration, ethical valuesprinciples that must be carefully followed for the judiciary to make independent and impartial decisions are being tried to be established through international texts that many states agree on and national regulations established within the framework of these texts. Judicial independence is defined as the authority of the judge to make a decision solely based on hisher conscientious opinion within the framework of the law, without being under any internal or external influence in the decision-making process. It is also very important for the legitimacy of judicial decisions that judicial activity, which is the application of abstract legal rules to concrete events, can be carried out in line with the basic ethical values of judicial independence. However, from ancient times to the modern state, there have been and continue to be attempts to intervene in judicial decisions by the direct government, other factors and the internal elements of the judicial organization. The increase in interaction between people with the development of technology and the opening of judicial decisions to evaluation through the media and especially social media is one of the new factors that the judiciary is exposed to pressure in the decision-making process. With this study, the importance of judicial independence will be explained within the scope of international and national literature, traditional and modern factors that negatively affect the decision-making process will be identified and their effects on the decision-making process of the judiciary will be tried to be explained. Additionally, solution suggestions will be presented in the context of preventing modern factors attempts to intervene in the judiciary.

 Today, all governments of countries with democratic governance express their belief in the rule of law. In almost all of these countries, the basic principles of judicial independence are highly guaranteed by international agreements or constitutional regulations. Since the independence of the judiciary is accepted as an indispensable element of democratic administration, ethical valuesprinciples that must be carefully followed for the judiciary to make independent and impartial decisions are being tried to be established through international texts that many states agree on and national regulations established within the framework of these texts. Judicial independence is defined as the authority of the judge to make a decision solely based on hisher conscientious opinion within the framework of the law, without being under any internal or external influence in the decision-making process. It is also very important for the legitimacy of judicial decisions that judicial activity, which is the application of abstract legal rules to concrete events, can be carried out in line with the basic ethical values of judicial independence. However, from ancient times to the modern state, there have been and continue to be attempts to intervene in judicial decisions by the direct government, other factors and the internal elements of the judicial organization. The increase in interaction between people with the development of technology and the opening of judicial decisions to evaluation through the media and especially social media is one of the new factors that the judiciary is exposed to pressure in the decision-making process. With this study, the importance of judicial independence will be explained within the scope of international and national literature, traditional and modern factors that negatively affect the decision-making process will be identified and their effects on the decision-making process of the judiciary will be tried to be explained. Additionally, solution suggestions will be presented in the context of preventing modern factors attempts to intervene in the judiciary.

 Today, all governments of countries with democratic governance express their belief in the rule of law. In almost all of these countries, the basic principles of judicial independence are highly guaranteed by international agreements or constitutional regulations. Since the independence of the judiciary is accepted as an indispensable element of democratic administration, ethical valuesprinciples that must be carefully followed for the judiciary to make independent and impartial decisions are being tried to be established through international texts that many states agree on and national regulations established within the framework of these texts. Judicial independence is defined as the authority of the judge to make a decision solely based on hisher conscientious opinion within the framework of the law, without being under any internal or external influence in the decision-making process. It is also very important for the legitimacy of judicial decisions that judicial activity, which is the application of abstract legal rules to concrete events, can be carried out in line with the basic ethical values of judicial independence. However, from ancient times to the modern state, there have been and continue to be attempts to intervene in judicial decisions by the direct government, other factors and the internal elements of the judicial organization. The increase in interaction between people with the development of technology and the opening of judicial decisions to evaluation through the media and especially social media is one of the new factors that the judiciary is exposed to pressure in the decision-making process. With this study, the importance of judicial independence will be explained within the scope of international and national literature, traditional and modern factors that negatively affect the decision-making process will be identified and their effects on the decision-making process of the judiciary will be tried to be explained. Additionally, solution suggestions will be presented in the context of preventing modern factors attempts to intervene in the judiciary.

 Günümüzde demokratik yönetime sahip ülke iktidarlarının tamamı hukukun üstünlüğüne olan inançlarını dile getirmektedir. Bu ülkelerin hemen hemen tamamında yargı bağımsızlığına ilişkin temel ilkeler, uluslararası sözleşmeler ya da anayasal düzenlemeler ile yüksek güvenceler altına alınmaktadır. Yargı bağımsızlığı demokratik yönetimin vazgeçilmez unsuru kabul edildiğinden, yargının bağımsız ve tarafsız karar alması için dikkatle izlenmesi gereken etik değerlerilkeler, birçok devletin ortak uzlaşı sağladığı uluslararası metinler ve bu metinler çerçevesinde oluşturulan ulusal düzenlemeler ile tesis edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Hâkimin karar alma sürecinde herhangi bir iç ve dış etki altında kalmadan yalnızca yasalar çerçevesinde vicdani kanaati ile karar verme yetkisi yargı bağımsızlığı olarak ifade edilmektedir. Soyut hukuk kurallarının somut olaylara uygulanması olan yargı faaliyetinin yargı bağımsızlığına ilişkin temel etik değerler doğrultusunda yürütülebilmesi yargı kararlarının meşruluğu bakımından da oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Bununla birlikte antik dönemden modern devlete kadar doğrudan iktidarın, diğer etkenlerin ve yargı örgütünün kendi iç unsurlarının yargı kararlarına müdahale girişimleri olmuş ve olmaya devam etmektedir. Teknolojinin gelişimi ile insanlar arası etkileşimin kolaylaşarak artması yargı kararlarının medya ve özellikle sosyal medya aracılığı ile değerlendirilmeye açılması, yargının karar alma sürecinde baskısına maruz kaldığı yeni etkenlerden biridir. Bu çalışma ile uluslararası ve ulusal literatür kapsamında yargı bağımsızlığının önemi izah edilerek, karar alma sürecini olumsuz anlamda etkileyen geleneksel ve modern faktörler tespit edilerek bunların yargının karar alma sürecine tesiri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca modern faktörlerin yargıya müdahale girişimlerinin önlenebilmesi bağlamında çözüm önerileri sunulacaktır.

Makale detayları

JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS, HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CONTEMPORARY THREATS

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Yolcu

Yayıncı:

Dicle University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk | Toplum ve Sosyo-Yasal Araştırma

Dergi:

Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 51, pp.733-762

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338572

pISSN:

1300-2929

Public law

constitutional law

judicial ındependence

separation of powers

rule of law

legitimacy

special ınterest groups

digitalizationKamu hukuku

anayasa hukuku

yargı bağımsızlığı

kuvvetler ayrılığı

hukukun üstünlüğü

meşruiyet

özel çıkar grupları

dijitalleşme

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Abdullah Yolcu

Yayıncı: Dicle University

Ana Başlıklar: Hukuk | Toplum ve Sosyo-Yasal Araştırma

Dergi: Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 51, pp.733-762

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001338572

pISSN: 1300-2929

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Yolcu

Yayıncı:

Dicle University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk | Toplum ve Sosyo-Yasal Araştırma

Dergi:

Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 51, pp.733-762

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338572

pISSN:

1300-2929