The Role of the Concept of Maṣlaḥa in Islamic Law: An Assessment of Musa Jarullah’s Approach and Legal Flexibility

Mehmet Cuma Gülcü

Makale detayları

The Role of the Concept of Maṣlaḥa in Islamic Law: An Assessment of Musa Jarullah’s Approach and Legal Flexibility

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cuma Gülcü

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Antakiyat Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.45-65

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351242

pISSN:

2667-4017

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Maslahah is a concept in Islamic law that centers on the welfare of the individual and society, serving as one of the key principles invoked during the operation of the ijtihad mechanism. It ensures the flexibility and dynamism of the law. In the classical period, scholars held divergent views regarding the legal status of maslahah as a source of law. Some jurists prioritized maslahah in their legal reasoning and adopted it as a decisive principle in their ijtihad. In contrast, the majority jumhūr adhered to traditional and rigorous procedural criteria in ijtihad and recognized maslahah only as a supplementary method, provided it did not contradict the scriptural sources naṣṣ and conformed to them. These debates have kept the role of maslahah in legal development and ijtihad continuously relevant throughout history. This study examines Musa Carullah d. 1949 and his central emphasis on maslahah within Islamic law, highlighting his innovative perspective. It will argue that Carullah regarded the principle of maslahah as a fundamental dynamic for interpreting legal rulings within their historical and social context. He advocated for the adaptability of Islamic law to changing circumstances through a distinction between immutable and variable rulings. The study aims to analyze Carullahs understanding of maslahah in comparison with the classical tradition, evaluating its contributions to legal flexibility and contemporary ijtihad. His approach to maslahah within the framework of masālih mursalah and the legal elasticity it provides will also be assessed.

 Maslahah is a concept in Islamic law that centers on the welfare of the individual and society, serving as one of the key principles invoked during the operation of the ijtihad mechanism. It ensures the flexibility and dynamism of the law. In the classical period, scholars held divergent views regarding the legal status of maslahah as a source of law. Some jurists prioritized maslahah in their legal reasoning and adopted it as a decisive principle in their ijtihad. In contrast, the majority jumhūr adhered to traditional and rigorous procedural criteria in ijtihad and recognized maslahah only as a supplementary method, provided it did not contradict the scriptural sources naṣṣ and conformed to them. These debates have kept the role of maslahah in legal development and ijtihad continuously relevant throughout history. This study examines Musa Carullah d. 1949 and his central emphasis on maslahah within Islamic law, highlighting his innovative perspective. It will argue that Carullah regarded the principle of maslahah as a fundamental dynamic for interpreting legal rulings within their historical and social context. He advocated for the adaptability of Islamic law to changing circumstances through a distinction between immutable and variable rulings. The study aims to analyze Carullahs understanding of maslahah in comparison with the classical tradition, evaluating its contributions to legal flexibility and contemporary ijtihad. His approach to maslahah within the framework of masālih mursalah and the legal elasticity it provides will also be assessed.

 Maslahah is a concept in Islamic law that centers on the welfare of the individual and society, serving as one of the key principles invoked during the operation of the ijtihad mechanism. It ensures the flexibility and dynamism of the law. In the classical period, scholars held divergent views regarding the legal status of maslahah as a source of law. Some jurists prioritized maslahah in their legal reasoning and adopted it as a decisive principle in their ijtihad. In contrast, the majority jumhūr adhered to traditional and rigorous procedural criteria in ijtihad and recognized maslahah only as a supplementary method, provided it did not contradict the scriptural sources naṣṣ and conformed to them. These debates have kept the role of maslahah in legal development and ijtihad continuously relevant throughout history. This study examines Musa Carullah d. 1949 and his central emphasis on maslahah within Islamic law, highlighting his innovative perspective. It will argue that Carullah regarded the principle of maslahah as a fundamental dynamic for interpreting legal rulings within their historical and social context. He advocated for the adaptability of Islamic law to changing circumstances through a distinction between immutable and variable rulings. The study aims to analyze Carullahs understanding of maslahah in comparison with the classical tradition, evaluating its contributions to legal flexibility and contemporary ijtihad. His approach to maslahah within the framework of masālih mursalah and the legal elasticity it provides will also be assessed.

 Maslahat, İslam hukukunda içtihat mekanizması işletilirken başvurulan unsurlardan biri olarak birey ve toplum yararını merkeze alan, hukukun esnekliğini ve dinamizmini sağlayan bir kavramdır. Klasik dönemde âlimler, maslahatı hukukî delil olma statüsü konusunda farklı değerlendirmiştir. İçtihat süreçlerinde bazı âlimler, maslahatı ön plana çıkararak hüküm üretmiş ve onu içtihatlarında belirleyici bir ilke olarak benimsemişlerdir. Buna karşılık, cumhur ise içtihadın geleneksel ve sıkı usul kriterlerine bağlı kalmış; maslahatı ancak naslarla çelişmemesi ve onlara uygun olması şartıyla yardımcı bir yöntem olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Bu tartışmalar, maslahatın hukuk gelişimi ve içtihattaki rolünü her dönemde güncel kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Musa Carullahın Ö. 1949 İslam hukukunda maslahata verdiği merkezi rol ve yenilikçi yaklaşımı ele alınıp, Carullahın, maslahat ilkesini hukuki hükümlerin tarihsel ve toplumsal bağlamda yorumlanmasında temel dinamik olarak gördüğü, sabit ve değişken hükümler ayrımı üzerinden İslam hukukunun değişen şartlara uyumunu savunduğu ifade edilecektir. Bu çalışma, Carullahın maslahat anlayışını klasik gelenekle karşılaştırarak hukukî esnekliğe ve çağdaş içtihada katkılarını analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Carullahın maslahat merkezli yaklaşımı ile fıkıh metodolojisi arasındaki farklar incelenecek, onun görüşlerinin çağdaş İslam hukukundaki yeri değerlendirilecektir. Mesâlih-i mürsele bağlamında maslahata yaklaşımı ve hukuka sağladığı esneklik değerlendirilecektir.

Makale detayları

The Role of the Concept of Maṣlaḥa in Islamic Law: An Assessment of Musa Jarullah’s Approach and Legal Flexibility

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cuma Gülcü

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Antakiyat Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.45-65

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351242

pISSN:

2667-4017

Islamic Law

Maşlaha

Musa Jarullah

İjtihâd

Legal Flexibility

Maşâlih al-Mursalaİslam Hukuku

Maslahat

Musa Carullah

İçtihat

Hukuki Esneklik

Mesalih-i Mürsele

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Cuma Gülcü

Yayıncı: Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Antakiyat Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.45-65

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351242

pISSN: 2667-4017

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Cuma Gülcü

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Antakiyat Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.45-65

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351242

pISSN:

2667-4017